Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and Treatment
Kiwifruit allergy was first described over 40 years ago and is becoming increasingly common worldwide. This is most likely related to the fact that kiwifruit production and consumption increased by almost two orders of magnitude during the last 50 years. Currently, there are thirteen officially regi...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Elaine M. Wright Andrea O’Malley Kriti Khatri Rebekka Pittsley Lesa R. Offermann Emily Covert Tiffany Ruan Maria Antonietta Ciardiello Krzysztof Kowal Maksymilian Chruszcz |
| author_facet | Elaine M. Wright Andrea O’Malley Kriti Khatri Rebekka Pittsley Lesa R. Offermann Emily Covert Tiffany Ruan Maria Antonietta Ciardiello Krzysztof Kowal Maksymilian Chruszcz |
| author_sort | Elaine M. Wright |
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| description | Kiwifruit allergy was first described over 40 years ago and is becoming increasingly common worldwide. This is most likely related to the fact that kiwifruit production and consumption increased by almost two orders of magnitude during the last 50 years. Currently, there are thirteen officially registered allergens belonging to the species <i>Actinidia deliciosa</i> (green kiwifruit), and three officially registered allergens belonging to the species <i>Actinidia chinensis</i> (golden kiwifruit). The molecular properties of the kiwifruit allergens are summarized, and their features are discussed, considering the protein families to which they belong. At present, kiwifruit allergens are found to belong to 13 protein families. Allergic reactions caused by these molecules can be local, for example, related to the oral cavity, but in some cases systemic responses, such as anaphylaxis, are also observed. Generally, kiwifruit allergy should not be considered as a homogenous disorder, as it was noted that there are distinct groups of patients with different sensitization profiles. Therefore, the diagnostic process may be challenging, as in many cases other food allergies must be considered. Frequently cross-reactivity between kiwifruit allergens and their homologs originating from other organisms has a significant impact on the wellbeing of the affected individuals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d2f21bde8518420abfa1bc167fb2e6e7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-d2f21bde8518420abfa1bc167fb2e6e72025-08-20T03:50:21ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011513718210.3390/app15137182Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and TreatmentElaine M. Wright0Andrea O’Malley1Kriti Khatri2Rebekka Pittsley3Lesa R. Offermann4Emily Covert5Tiffany Ruan6Maria Antonietta Ciardiello7Krzysztof Kowal8Maksymilian Chruszcz9Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USADepartment of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, NC 28035, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USADepartment of Family Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USAInstitute of Biosciences and BioResources (I.B.B.R.), National Research Council of Italy (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USAKiwifruit allergy was first described over 40 years ago and is becoming increasingly common worldwide. This is most likely related to the fact that kiwifruit production and consumption increased by almost two orders of magnitude during the last 50 years. Currently, there are thirteen officially registered allergens belonging to the species <i>Actinidia deliciosa</i> (green kiwifruit), and three officially registered allergens belonging to the species <i>Actinidia chinensis</i> (golden kiwifruit). The molecular properties of the kiwifruit allergens are summarized, and their features are discussed, considering the protein families to which they belong. At present, kiwifruit allergens are found to belong to 13 protein families. Allergic reactions caused by these molecules can be local, for example, related to the oral cavity, but in some cases systemic responses, such as anaphylaxis, are also observed. Generally, kiwifruit allergy should not be considered as a homogenous disorder, as it was noted that there are distinct groups of patients with different sensitization profiles. Therefore, the diagnostic process may be challenging, as in many cases other food allergies must be considered. Frequently cross-reactivity between kiwifruit allergens and their homologs originating from other organisms has a significant impact on the wellbeing of the affected individuals.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/13/7182kiwifruitallergenkiwifruit allergyfood allergydiagnosticsmolecular allergology |
| spellingShingle | Elaine M. Wright Andrea O’Malley Kriti Khatri Rebekka Pittsley Lesa R. Offermann Emily Covert Tiffany Ruan Maria Antonietta Ciardiello Krzysztof Kowal Maksymilian Chruszcz Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and Treatment Applied Sciences kiwifruit allergen kiwifruit allergy food allergy diagnostics molecular allergology |
| title | Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and Treatment |
| title_full | Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and Treatment |
| title_short | Kiwifruit Allergy—Molecular Basis, Diagnostics and Treatment |
| title_sort | kiwifruit allergy molecular basis diagnostics and treatment |
| topic | kiwifruit allergen kiwifruit allergy food allergy diagnostics molecular allergology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/13/7182 |
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