Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities

Abstract Satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide have been used to infer nitrogen oxide emissions, a critical component in tropospheric chemistry and pollution. New observations from the Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer offer a breakthrough by providing a daytime record of nitr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Junsung Park, Hyunkee Hong, Hanlim Lee, Si-Wan Kim, Jhoon Kim, Michel Van Roozendael, Caroline Fayt, Myong-Hwan Ahn, Daniel J. Jacob, Seunghwan Seo, Kyoung-Min Kim, Daewon Kim, Wonei Choi, Won-Jin Lee, Dong-Won Lee, Thomas Wagner, Andreas Richter, Nickolay A. Krotkov, Lok N. Lamsal, Dai Ho Ko, Seung Hoon Lee, Jung-Hun Woo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02272-7
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850125695351521280
author Junsung Park
Hyunkee Hong
Hanlim Lee
Si-Wan Kim
Jhoon Kim
Michel Van Roozendael
Caroline Fayt
Myong-Hwan Ahn
Daniel J. Jacob
Seunghwan Seo
Kyoung-Min Kim
Daewon Kim
Wonei Choi
Won-Jin Lee
Dong-Won Lee
Thomas Wagner
Andreas Richter
Nickolay A. Krotkov
Lok N. Lamsal
Dai Ho Ko
Seung Hoon Lee
Jung-Hun Woo
author_facet Junsung Park
Hyunkee Hong
Hanlim Lee
Si-Wan Kim
Jhoon Kim
Michel Van Roozendael
Caroline Fayt
Myong-Hwan Ahn
Daniel J. Jacob
Seunghwan Seo
Kyoung-Min Kim
Daewon Kim
Wonei Choi
Won-Jin Lee
Dong-Won Lee
Thomas Wagner
Andreas Richter
Nickolay A. Krotkov
Lok N. Lamsal
Dai Ho Ko
Seung Hoon Lee
Jung-Hun Woo
author_sort Junsung Park
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide have been used to infer nitrogen oxide emissions, a critical component in tropospheric chemistry and pollution. New observations from the Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer offer a breakthrough by providing a daytime record of nitrogen dioxide over Asia. Here we present the summertime diurnal patterns of nitrogen dioxide at major cities, power plant regions, and the Strait of Malacca. The Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer data across various regions show high nitrogen dioxide in the morning which decrease in the afternoon, with varying hourly peaks, troughs, and amplitudes reflecting diurnal characteristics of local emissions and chemistry. Nitrogen oxide emissions inferred from Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer and the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry also show distinct patterns among regions: early morning peaks occur over Hanoi, Guangzhou, and Bangkok; mid-to-late morning peaks appear over Seoul and Beijing; and late afternoon peaks are noted in the Yangtze River Delta region. Top-down emissions incorporating temporal changes in the Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer nitrogen dioxide yield the most accurate nitrogen dioxide simulations.
format Article
id doaj-art-d2d4ab780cab40d3bcf205f2ccb044b2
institution OA Journals
issn 2662-4435
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Earth & Environment
spelling doaj-art-d2d4ab780cab40d3bcf205f2ccb044b22025-08-20T02:34:04ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-05-016111210.1038/s43247-025-02272-7Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian citiesJunsung Park0Hyunkee Hong1Hanlim Lee2Si-Wan Kim3Jhoon Kim4Michel Van Roozendael5Caroline Fayt6Myong-Hwan Ahn7Daniel J. Jacob8Seunghwan Seo9Kyoung-Min Kim10Daewon Kim11Wonei Choi12Won-Jin Lee13Dong-Won Lee14Thomas Wagner15Andreas Richter16Nickolay A. Krotkov17Lok N. Lamsal18Dai Ho Ko19Seung Hoon Lee20Jung-Hun Woo21Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Major of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National UniversityNational Institute of Environmental ResearchDivision of Earth Environmental System Science, Major of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National UniversityDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei UniversityDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei UniversityBelgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB)Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB)Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering/Social Economy, Ewha Womans UniversityHarvard School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard UniversityDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei UniversityDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei UniversityDivision of Earth Environmental System Science, Major of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National UniversityDivision of Earth Environmental System Science, Major of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National UniversityNational Institute of Environmental ResearchNational Institute of Environmental ResearchMax-Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPI-C)Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP-UB), University of BremenAtmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterAtmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterKorea Aerospace Research InstituteKorea Aerospace Research InstituteDepartment of Environmental Planning & Advanced Program for Urban Environmental Studies, Seoul National UniversityAbstract Satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide have been used to infer nitrogen oxide emissions, a critical component in tropospheric chemistry and pollution. New observations from the Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer offer a breakthrough by providing a daytime record of nitrogen dioxide over Asia. Here we present the summertime diurnal patterns of nitrogen dioxide at major cities, power plant regions, and the Strait of Malacca. The Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer data across various regions show high nitrogen dioxide in the morning which decrease in the afternoon, with varying hourly peaks, troughs, and amplitudes reflecting diurnal characteristics of local emissions and chemistry. Nitrogen oxide emissions inferred from Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer and the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry also show distinct patterns among regions: early morning peaks occur over Hanoi, Guangzhou, and Bangkok; mid-to-late morning peaks appear over Seoul and Beijing; and late afternoon peaks are noted in the Yangtze River Delta region. Top-down emissions incorporating temporal changes in the Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer nitrogen dioxide yield the most accurate nitrogen dioxide simulations.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02272-7
spellingShingle Junsung Park
Hyunkee Hong
Hanlim Lee
Si-Wan Kim
Jhoon Kim
Michel Van Roozendael
Caroline Fayt
Myong-Hwan Ahn
Daniel J. Jacob
Seunghwan Seo
Kyoung-Min Kim
Daewon Kim
Wonei Choi
Won-Jin Lee
Dong-Won Lee
Thomas Wagner
Andreas Richter
Nickolay A. Krotkov
Lok N. Lamsal
Dai Ho Ko
Seung Hoon Lee
Jung-Hun Woo
Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities
Communications Earth & Environment
title Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities
title_full Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities
title_fullStr Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities
title_full_unstemmed Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities
title_short Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in Asian cities
title_sort tropospheric nitrogen dioxide levels vary diurnally in asian cities
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02272-7
work_keys_str_mv AT junsungpark troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT hyunkeehong troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT hanlimlee troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT siwankim troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT jhoonkim troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT michelvanroozendael troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT carolinefayt troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT myonghwanahn troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT danieljjacob troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT seunghwanseo troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT kyoungminkim troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT daewonkim troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT woneichoi troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT wonjinlee troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT dongwonlee troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT thomaswagner troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT andreasrichter troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT nickolayakrotkov troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT loknlamsal troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT daihoko troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT seunghoonlee troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities
AT junghunwoo troposphericnitrogendioxidelevelsvarydiurnallyinasiancities