What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?

Background: Social norms around gender have been rapidly changing around the world. As a psychological variable, “masculinity” may be at a “critical juncture” in Australia where old definitions are now open to challenge and where new and more useful definitions may be necessary. Methods: The pre...

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Main Authors: Steven Litherland, Peter Miller, Shannon Hyder
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MRE Press 2025-02-01
Series:Journal of Men's Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://oss.jomh.org/files/article/20250228-501/pdf/JOMH2024071902.pdf
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author Steven Litherland
Peter Miller
Shannon Hyder
author_facet Steven Litherland
Peter Miller
Shannon Hyder
author_sort Steven Litherland
collection DOAJ
description Background: Social norms around gender have been rapidly changing around the world. As a psychological variable, “masculinity” may be at a “critical juncture” in Australia where old definitions are now open to challenge and where new and more useful definitions may be necessary. Methods: The present exploratory study investigated the meaning(s) of masculinity in a contemporary setting with data derived from semi-structured interviews with 39 adult Australian citizens or permanent residents for whom issues of masculinity likely resonated. The present study employed a qualitative methodology with thematic analysis used to examine contemporary accounts of masculinity among 39 participants (18 males, 15 females and 6 non-binary) aged between 21 and 74 years (Mean Age = 36.1 years, Standard Deviation = 17.18) and recruited from a large capital city of Melbourne and a regional city of Geelong. Results: Thematic analysis identified three broad themes, namely (1) “Physical and Performative”, whereby physicality was important in contemporary versions of what is masculine, with masculinity also typically deemed a performance or persona; (2) “Prosocial Masculinity”, in that it now incorporates mostly positive attributes; and (3) Is “Evolving” from old stereotypes usually seen as dysfunctional to attributes now viewed as essentially human qualities. Conclusions: The present findings suggest there exists a “myriad of masculinities” that are largely performative with characteristics once labelled as “masculine” no longer viewed as gendered phenomena. For some interviewees, the label of masculinity is outdated, playing little to no role in their lives. The concept of masculinity in Australia, or at least in this sample, appears in transition, with the present findings suggesting that it is indeed at a “critical juncture” with new meanings emerging and where new and more useful concepts may need to be considered.
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spelling doaj-art-d2c7976f47b24c3993f10793ba7e79a62025-08-20T03:02:07ZengMRE PressJournal of Men's Health1875-68671875-68592025-02-01212586610.22514/jomh.2025.022S1875-6867(25)00339-2What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?Steven Litherland0Peter Miller1Shannon Hyder2School of Psychology, Deakin University, 3216 Geelong, VIC, Australia School of Psychology, Deakin University, 3216 Geelong, VIC, Australia School of Psychology, Deakin University, 3216 Geelong, VIC, Australia Background: Social norms around gender have been rapidly changing around the world. As a psychological variable, “masculinity” may be at a “critical juncture” in Australia where old definitions are now open to challenge and where new and more useful definitions may be necessary. Methods: The present exploratory study investigated the meaning(s) of masculinity in a contemporary setting with data derived from semi-structured interviews with 39 adult Australian citizens or permanent residents for whom issues of masculinity likely resonated. The present study employed a qualitative methodology with thematic analysis used to examine contemporary accounts of masculinity among 39 participants (18 males, 15 females and 6 non-binary) aged between 21 and 74 years (Mean Age = 36.1 years, Standard Deviation = 17.18) and recruited from a large capital city of Melbourne and a regional city of Geelong. Results: Thematic analysis identified three broad themes, namely (1) “Physical and Performative”, whereby physicality was important in contemporary versions of what is masculine, with masculinity also typically deemed a performance or persona; (2) “Prosocial Masculinity”, in that it now incorporates mostly positive attributes; and (3) Is “Evolving” from old stereotypes usually seen as dysfunctional to attributes now viewed as essentially human qualities. Conclusions: The present findings suggest there exists a “myriad of masculinities” that are largely performative with characteristics once labelled as “masculine” no longer viewed as gendered phenomena. For some interviewees, the label of masculinity is outdated, playing little to no role in their lives. The concept of masculinity in Australia, or at least in this sample, appears in transition, with the present findings suggesting that it is indeed at a “critical juncture” with new meanings emerging and where new and more useful concepts may need to be considered.https://oss.jomh.org/files/article/20250228-501/pdf/JOMH2024071902.pdfmasculinitymultiple masculinitiesmasculineprosocial masculinityevolvingperformativeaustralian context
spellingShingle Steven Litherland
Peter Miller
Shannon Hyder
What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?
Journal of Men's Health
masculinity
multiple masculinities
masculine
prosocial masculinity
evolving
performative
australian context
title What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?
title_full What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?
title_fullStr What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?
title_full_unstemmed What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?
title_short What is masculinity in a contemporary Australian context?
title_sort what is masculinity in a contemporary australian context
topic masculinity
multiple masculinities
masculine
prosocial masculinity
evolving
performative
australian context
url https://oss.jomh.org/files/article/20250228-501/pdf/JOMH2024071902.pdf
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AT shannonhyder whatismasculinityinacontemporaryaustraliancontext