Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic Diet

Because low-carbohydrate diets are effective strategies to improve insulin resistance, the hallmark of type 2 diabetes, the purpose of reporting these clinical cases was to reveal the meaningful changes observed in 90 days of low-carbohydrate (LC) ketogenic dietary intervention in female type 2 diab...

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Main Authors: Chase M. Walton, Katelyn Perry, Richard H. Hart, Steven L. Berry, Benjamin T. Bikman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-01-01
Series:Journal of Diabetes Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8681959
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author Chase M. Walton
Katelyn Perry
Richard H. Hart
Steven L. Berry
Benjamin T. Bikman
author_facet Chase M. Walton
Katelyn Perry
Richard H. Hart
Steven L. Berry
Benjamin T. Bikman
author_sort Chase M. Walton
collection DOAJ
description Because low-carbohydrate diets are effective strategies to improve insulin resistance, the hallmark of type 2 diabetes, the purpose of reporting these clinical cases was to reveal the meaningful changes observed in 90 days of low-carbohydrate (LC) ketogenic dietary intervention in female type 2 diabetics aged 18-45. Eleven women (BMI 36.3 kg/m2) who were recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes based on HbA1c over 6.5% (8.9%) volunteered to participate in an intensive dietary intervention to limit dietary carbohydrates to under 30 grams daily for 90 days. The main outcome was to determine the degree of change in HbA1c, while secondary outcomes included body weight, blood pressure, and blood lipids. The volunteers lost significant weight (85.7±3.2 kg to 76.7±2.8 kg) and lowered systolic (134.0±1.6 to 123.3±1.1 mmHg) and diastolic (89.9±1.3 to 82.6±1.0 mmHg) blood pressure. HbA1c dropped to 5.6%. Most blood lipids were significantly altered, including HDL cholesterol (43.1±4.4 to 52.3±3.3 mg/dl), triglycerides (177.0±19.8 to 92.1±8.7 mg/dl), and the TG : HDL ratio (4.7±0.8 to 1.9±0.2). LDL cholesterol was not significantly different. AST and ALT, plasma markers of liver health, were reported for eight patients and revealed no significant changes. These findings indicate that a short-term intervention emphasizing protein and fat at the expense of dietary carbohydrate functionally reversed the diabetes diagnosis, as defined by HbA1c. Furthermore, the intervention lowered body weight and blood pressure, while eliciting favorable changes in blood lipids.
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spelling doaj-art-d2c5e89ec4304ffc83d7e2f5f1d08fd62025-08-20T03:24:06ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Research2314-67452314-67532019-01-01201910.1155/2019/86819598681959Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic DietChase M. Walton0Katelyn Perry1Richard H. Hart2Steven L. Berry3Benjamin T. Bikman4Metabolism Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo UT, USAMetabolism Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo UT, USAInsulin IQ, Orem UT, USAInsulin IQ, Orem UT, USAMetabolism Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo UT, USABecause low-carbohydrate diets are effective strategies to improve insulin resistance, the hallmark of type 2 diabetes, the purpose of reporting these clinical cases was to reveal the meaningful changes observed in 90 days of low-carbohydrate (LC) ketogenic dietary intervention in female type 2 diabetics aged 18-45. Eleven women (BMI 36.3 kg/m2) who were recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes based on HbA1c over 6.5% (8.9%) volunteered to participate in an intensive dietary intervention to limit dietary carbohydrates to under 30 grams daily for 90 days. The main outcome was to determine the degree of change in HbA1c, while secondary outcomes included body weight, blood pressure, and blood lipids. The volunteers lost significant weight (85.7±3.2 kg to 76.7±2.8 kg) and lowered systolic (134.0±1.6 to 123.3±1.1 mmHg) and diastolic (89.9±1.3 to 82.6±1.0 mmHg) blood pressure. HbA1c dropped to 5.6%. Most blood lipids were significantly altered, including HDL cholesterol (43.1±4.4 to 52.3±3.3 mg/dl), triglycerides (177.0±19.8 to 92.1±8.7 mg/dl), and the TG : HDL ratio (4.7±0.8 to 1.9±0.2). LDL cholesterol was not significantly different. AST and ALT, plasma markers of liver health, were reported for eight patients and revealed no significant changes. These findings indicate that a short-term intervention emphasizing protein and fat at the expense of dietary carbohydrate functionally reversed the diabetes diagnosis, as defined by HbA1c. Furthermore, the intervention lowered body weight and blood pressure, while eliciting favorable changes in blood lipids.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8681959
spellingShingle Chase M. Walton
Katelyn Perry
Richard H. Hart
Steven L. Berry
Benjamin T. Bikman
Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic Diet
Journal of Diabetes Research
title Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic Diet
title_full Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic Diet
title_fullStr Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic Diet
title_full_unstemmed Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic Diet
title_short Improvement in Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics with a 90-Day Ketogenic Diet
title_sort improvement in glycemic and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetics with a 90 day ketogenic diet
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8681959
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