A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.

<h4>Objectives</h4>Little is known about the integrity of randomization for randomized controlled trials (RCT) included in alteplase for stroke meta-analyses. If the RCTs were not properly randomized, the results could not be accepted at face value. The objective was to assess the integr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ravi Garg, Gabriel Torrealba-Acosta, Steffen Mickenautsch, Vance W Berger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315342
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850163048846721024
author Ravi Garg
Gabriel Torrealba-Acosta
Steffen Mickenautsch
Vance W Berger
author_facet Ravi Garg
Gabriel Torrealba-Acosta
Steffen Mickenautsch
Vance W Berger
author_sort Ravi Garg
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Objectives</h4>Little is known about the integrity of randomization for randomized controlled trials (RCT) included in alteplase for stroke meta-analyses. If the RCTs were not properly randomized, the results could not be accepted at face value. The objective was to assess the integrity of randomization in individual patient data (IPD) meta-analyses supporting alteplase for acute ischemic stroke.<h4>Methods</h4>We assessed randomization reporting, performed qualitative risk of bias assessments arising from the randomization process, and performed fixed effects meta-analyses of baseline variables for which zero heterogeneity is expected if all included RCTs have unbiased randomization. Fixed-effects meta-analyses of baseline age, weight, and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score were performed. If heterogeneity was present (I2 >  0%), trials were systematically removed, starting with the RCT with the largest t-statistic until the I2 value was 0%.<h4>Results</h4>The NINDS rt-PA Stroke Study had a high risk of bias, the ECASS-3 RCT had some concerns, and all other trials were graded as low risk according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB-2) tool. The NINDS rt-PA Stroke Study contributed to heterogeneity in age and weight meta-analyses, and the ECASS-3 RCT contributed to heterogeneity in the NIHSS score meta-analysis. Removal of suspect trials resulted in the expected I2 value of 0%.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The NINDS rt-PA Stroke Study and ECASS-3 trials contributed to heterogeneity in fixed effects meta-analyses of baseline variables while there should have been none. These RCTs are likely a source of selection bias in IPD meta-analyses due to suspect randomization.
format Article
id doaj-art-d2ae78a2aa1e46f6a772b2d91445cbe8
institution OA Journals
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-d2ae78a2aa1e46f6a772b2d91445cbe82025-08-20T02:22:24ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01203e031534210.1371/journal.pone.0315342A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.Ravi GargGabriel Torrealba-AcostaSteffen MickenautschVance W Berger<h4>Objectives</h4>Little is known about the integrity of randomization for randomized controlled trials (RCT) included in alteplase for stroke meta-analyses. If the RCTs were not properly randomized, the results could not be accepted at face value. The objective was to assess the integrity of randomization in individual patient data (IPD) meta-analyses supporting alteplase for acute ischemic stroke.<h4>Methods</h4>We assessed randomization reporting, performed qualitative risk of bias assessments arising from the randomization process, and performed fixed effects meta-analyses of baseline variables for which zero heterogeneity is expected if all included RCTs have unbiased randomization. Fixed-effects meta-analyses of baseline age, weight, and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score were performed. If heterogeneity was present (I2 >  0%), trials were systematically removed, starting with the RCT with the largest t-statistic until the I2 value was 0%.<h4>Results</h4>The NINDS rt-PA Stroke Study had a high risk of bias, the ECASS-3 RCT had some concerns, and all other trials were graded as low risk according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB-2) tool. The NINDS rt-PA Stroke Study contributed to heterogeneity in age and weight meta-analyses, and the ECASS-3 RCT contributed to heterogeneity in the NIHSS score meta-analysis. Removal of suspect trials resulted in the expected I2 value of 0%.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The NINDS rt-PA Stroke Study and ECASS-3 trials contributed to heterogeneity in fixed effects meta-analyses of baseline variables while there should have been none. These RCTs are likely a source of selection bias in IPD meta-analyses due to suspect randomization.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315342
spellingShingle Ravi Garg
Gabriel Torrealba-Acosta
Steffen Mickenautsch
Vance W Berger
A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.
PLoS ONE
title A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.
title_full A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.
title_fullStr A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.
title_full_unstemmed A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.
title_short A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.
title_sort methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta analyses
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315342
work_keys_str_mv AT ravigarg amethodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses
AT gabrieltorrealbaacosta amethodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses
AT steffenmickenautsch amethodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses
AT vancewberger amethodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses
AT ravigarg methodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses
AT gabrieltorrealbaacosta methodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses
AT steffenmickenautsch methodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses
AT vancewberger methodologicalassessmentofrandomizationintegrityinalteplaseforacuteischemicstrokeindividualpatientdatametaanalyses