The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract

Abstract The mucosal system serves as the primary barrier against respiratory diseases and plays a crucial role in combating viral infections through mucosal immunity. The resident microbial community constitutes the main component of the mucosal system and exerts a significant inhibitory impact on...

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Main Authors: Xinyue Li, Maohua Chen, Tingting Chen, Lingxin Xie, Qian Luo, Xinyue Fan, Yan Yin, Siqin Meng, Zhixing Jin, Yonglin He, Yao Wen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Translational Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06433-2
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author Xinyue Li
Maohua Chen
Tingting Chen
Lingxin Xie
Qian Luo
Xinyue Fan
Yan Yin
Siqin Meng
Zhixing Jin
Yonglin He
Yao Wen
author_facet Xinyue Li
Maohua Chen
Tingting Chen
Lingxin Xie
Qian Luo
Xinyue Fan
Yan Yin
Siqin Meng
Zhixing Jin
Yonglin He
Yao Wen
author_sort Xinyue Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The mucosal system serves as the primary barrier against respiratory diseases and plays a crucial role in combating viral infections through mucosal immunity. The resident microbial community constitutes the main component of the mucosal system and exerts a significant inhibitory impact on the invasion of exogenous agents. However, the precise relationship between resident microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infections remains incomplete. This review aims to summarize the regulatory interactions between the resident microbiota of the mucosal system and innate immune components such as mucosal immunity and trained immunity. By clarifying these complex relationships, this review seeks to identify potential targets for augmenting respiratory disease prevention strategies and developing novel vaccine formulations. Furthermore, we propose the possibility of integrating the fields of microbiome-based therapeutics and vaccine development to create multifunctional vaccine formulations capable of targeting mucosal immunity induction. Such an approach holds great potential in offering novel pathways and strategies for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.
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issn 1479-5876
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publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Journal of Translational Medicine
spelling doaj-art-d2a62f0917744a6ebc006050ba4fd7e82025-08-20T02:10:53ZengBMCJournal of Translational Medicine1479-58762025-04-0123112110.1186/s12967-025-06433-2The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tractXinyue Li0Maohua Chen1Tingting Chen2Lingxin Xie3Qian Luo4Xinyue Fan5Yan Yin6Siqin Meng7Zhixing Jin8Yonglin He9Yao Wen10Pathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityCollege of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical UniversityPathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityPathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityPathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityPathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityPathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityPathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityPathogen Biology and Immunology Laboratory, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityAbstract The mucosal system serves as the primary barrier against respiratory diseases and plays a crucial role in combating viral infections through mucosal immunity. The resident microbial community constitutes the main component of the mucosal system and exerts a significant inhibitory impact on the invasion of exogenous agents. However, the precise relationship between resident microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infections remains incomplete. This review aims to summarize the regulatory interactions between the resident microbiota of the mucosal system and innate immune components such as mucosal immunity and trained immunity. By clarifying these complex relationships, this review seeks to identify potential targets for augmenting respiratory disease prevention strategies and developing novel vaccine formulations. Furthermore, we propose the possibility of integrating the fields of microbiome-based therapeutics and vaccine development to create multifunctional vaccine formulations capable of targeting mucosal immunity induction. Such an approach holds great potential in offering novel pathways and strategies for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06433-2Mucosal immuneMicrobiotaViral infectionTrained immunityRespiratory tract
spellingShingle Xinyue Li
Maohua Chen
Tingting Chen
Lingxin Xie
Qian Luo
Xinyue Fan
Yan Yin
Siqin Meng
Zhixing Jin
Yonglin He
Yao Wen
The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract
Journal of Translational Medicine
Mucosal immune
Microbiota
Viral infection
Trained immunity
Respiratory tract
title The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract
title_full The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract
title_fullStr The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract
title_full_unstemmed The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract
title_short The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract
title_sort intricate interplay among microbiota mucosal immunity and viral infection in the respiratory tract
topic Mucosal immune
Microbiota
Viral infection
Trained immunity
Respiratory tract
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06433-2
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