Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves

Abstract Urbanization is revealed to cause more frequent and hotter day-night compound heatwaves, yet its impact on their onset remains unclear. This study compares summertime compound heatwaves in 722 urban-rural station pairs globally on an event-by-event basis during 1971-2017 and attributes thei...

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Main Authors: Peng Ji, Xinyi Zhang, Xing Yuan, Qibo Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02315-z
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author Peng Ji
Xinyi Zhang
Xing Yuan
Qibo Xu
author_facet Peng Ji
Xinyi Zhang
Xing Yuan
Qibo Xu
author_sort Peng Ji
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Urbanization is revealed to cause more frequent and hotter day-night compound heatwaves, yet its impact on their onset remains unclear. This study compares summertime compound heatwaves in 722 urban-rural station pairs globally on an event-by-event basis during 1971-2017 and attributes their difference to numerous urbanization and climatological factors using interpretable machine learning methods. Here we find a discernible earlier onset (0.23 ± 0.04 days) of compound heatwaves in cities compared to rural areas. The magnitude of this influence is primarily determined by urban building volume and height rather than the artificial impervious surface fraction, and is exacerbated by climates characterized by warm night and ample daytime solar radiation. Taller buildings significantly advance onset in cloudy, warm, and humid climates, while larger building volumes lead to earlier onset of compound heatwaves across nearly all climates. Our findings suggest that cities, particularly those with large building volumes, should issue heatwave warnings earlier.
format Article
id doaj-art-d29fbd0d00cf46d9940acb100b0d1644
institution OA Journals
issn 2662-4435
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Earth & Environment
spelling doaj-art-d29fbd0d00cf46d9940acb100b0d16442025-08-20T02:30:26ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-04-016111010.1038/s43247-025-02315-zUrbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwavesPeng Ji0Xinyi Zhang1Xing Yuan2Qibo Xu3State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologySchool of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyCalifornia NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)Abstract Urbanization is revealed to cause more frequent and hotter day-night compound heatwaves, yet its impact on their onset remains unclear. This study compares summertime compound heatwaves in 722 urban-rural station pairs globally on an event-by-event basis during 1971-2017 and attributes their difference to numerous urbanization and climatological factors using interpretable machine learning methods. Here we find a discernible earlier onset (0.23 ± 0.04 days) of compound heatwaves in cities compared to rural areas. The magnitude of this influence is primarily determined by urban building volume and height rather than the artificial impervious surface fraction, and is exacerbated by climates characterized by warm night and ample daytime solar radiation. Taller buildings significantly advance onset in cloudy, warm, and humid climates, while larger building volumes lead to earlier onset of compound heatwaves across nearly all climates. Our findings suggest that cities, particularly those with large building volumes, should issue heatwave warnings earlier.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02315-z
spellingShingle Peng Ji
Xinyi Zhang
Xing Yuan
Qibo Xu
Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves
Communications Earth & Environment
title Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves
title_full Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves
title_fullStr Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves
title_full_unstemmed Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves
title_short Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves
title_sort urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02315-z
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AT xinyizhang urbanizationbringsearlieronsetofsummertimecompoundheatwaves
AT xingyuan urbanizationbringsearlieronsetofsummertimecompoundheatwaves
AT qiboxu urbanizationbringsearlieronsetofsummertimecompoundheatwaves