Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and management

Objective: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignant disease. Due to its rarity, there is a paucity of data regarding best treatment strategy. EMPD primarily affects apocrine gland-bearing skin areas such as the vulva, scrotum, and penis. Our objective was to provide a p...

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Main Authors: Reza Nabavizadeh, Khushali B. Vashi, Behnam Nabavizadeh, Vikram M. Narayan, Viraj A. Master
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2022-10-01
Series:Asian Journal of Urology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214388222000984
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author Reza Nabavizadeh
Khushali B. Vashi
Behnam Nabavizadeh
Vikram M. Narayan
Viraj A. Master
author_facet Reza Nabavizadeh
Khushali B. Vashi
Behnam Nabavizadeh
Vikram M. Narayan
Viraj A. Master
author_sort Reza Nabavizadeh
collection DOAJ
description Objective: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignant disease. Due to its rarity, there is a paucity of data regarding best treatment strategy. EMPD primarily affects apocrine gland-bearing skin areas such as the vulva, scrotum, and penis. Our objective was to provide a present-day rationale for diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of EMPD with a focus on recent progress in workup and management of the disease. Methods: Literature on EMPD until February 2022 was assessed through PubMed, MEDLINE databases, and Google scholar. A narrative review of the most relevant articles was provided. Results: EMPD usually presents with indolent growth while usually being diagnosed primarily as carcinoma in situ. The foundation of EMPD treatment centers around prompt and accurate diagnosis, wide local or Mohs micrographic surgical excision with proper management towards the margin status, and careful consideration for lymphadenectomy in patients with regionally positive disease. Conventional chemotherapies are alternative treatments modality for patients with distant metastases; however, they sometimes have suboptimal efficacy. At present, there is no agreement regarding adjuvant or systemic therapies, although recent studies have shown several insights into the molecular pathogenesis, tumor biology, and genomics of the development and advancement of EMPD, which may lead to novel and targeted treatment approaches for metastatic EMPD in the future. Conclusion: Patients with EMPD should seek care from physicians with expertise in disease management and patient counseling. These patients should be surveilled with close follow-up to evaluate them for disease recurrence or progression. Global collaborations with groups such as the Global Society for Rare Genitourinary Tumors, and especially patient support groups are crucial in designing clinical trials to help elucidate more robust data in this orphan disease.
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spelling doaj-art-d28cc3b7001b46b2822bdcbdd48669ff2025-08-20T03:04:38ZengElsevierAsian Journal of Urology2214-38822022-10-019445145910.1016/j.ajur.2022.08.001Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and managementReza Nabavizadeh0Khushali B. Vashi1Behnam Nabavizadeh2Vikram M. Narayan3Viraj A. Master4Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Corresponding author.Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USADepartment of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USADepartment of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USADepartment of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USAObjective: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignant disease. Due to its rarity, there is a paucity of data regarding best treatment strategy. EMPD primarily affects apocrine gland-bearing skin areas such as the vulva, scrotum, and penis. Our objective was to provide a present-day rationale for diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of EMPD with a focus on recent progress in workup and management of the disease. Methods: Literature on EMPD until February 2022 was assessed through PubMed, MEDLINE databases, and Google scholar. A narrative review of the most relevant articles was provided. Results: EMPD usually presents with indolent growth while usually being diagnosed primarily as carcinoma in situ. The foundation of EMPD treatment centers around prompt and accurate diagnosis, wide local or Mohs micrographic surgical excision with proper management towards the margin status, and careful consideration for lymphadenectomy in patients with regionally positive disease. Conventional chemotherapies are alternative treatments modality for patients with distant metastases; however, they sometimes have suboptimal efficacy. At present, there is no agreement regarding adjuvant or systemic therapies, although recent studies have shown several insights into the molecular pathogenesis, tumor biology, and genomics of the development and advancement of EMPD, which may lead to novel and targeted treatment approaches for metastatic EMPD in the future. Conclusion: Patients with EMPD should seek care from physicians with expertise in disease management and patient counseling. These patients should be surveilled with close follow-up to evaluate them for disease recurrence or progression. Global collaborations with groups such as the Global Society for Rare Genitourinary Tumors, and especially patient support groups are crucial in designing clinical trials to help elucidate more robust data in this orphan disease.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214388222000984Extramammary Paget's diseaseExtramammary Paget's malignancyGenitourinary Paget's diseaseRare genitourinary tumors
spellingShingle Reza Nabavizadeh
Khushali B. Vashi
Behnam Nabavizadeh
Vikram M. Narayan
Viraj A. Master
Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and management
Asian Journal of Urology
Extramammary Paget's disease
Extramammary Paget's malignancy
Genitourinary Paget's disease
Rare genitourinary tumors
title Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and management
title_full Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and management
title_fullStr Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and management
title_full_unstemmed Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and management
title_short Extramammary Paget's disease: Updates in the workup and management
title_sort extramammary paget s disease updates in the workup and management
topic Extramammary Paget's disease
Extramammary Paget's malignancy
Genitourinary Paget's disease
Rare genitourinary tumors
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214388222000984
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