High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing System
To enable the highly sensitive detection of acetylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) dissolved in transformer oil, a high-power quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensing system is proposed. A standard 32.7 kHz quartz tuning fork (QTF) was employed as an acousti...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Photonics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/7/713 |
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| author | Yuxiang Wu Tiehua Ma Chenhua Liu Yashan Fan Shuai Shi Songjie Guo Yu Wang Xiangjun Xu Guqing Guo Xuanbing Qiu Zhijin Shang Chuanliang Li |
| author_facet | Yuxiang Wu Tiehua Ma Chenhua Liu Yashan Fan Shuai Shi Songjie Guo Yu Wang Xiangjun Xu Guqing Guo Xuanbing Qiu Zhijin Shang Chuanliang Li |
| author_sort | Yuxiang Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To enable the highly sensitive detection of acetylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) dissolved in transformer oil, a high-power quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensing system is proposed. A standard 32.7 kHz quartz tuning fork (QTF) was employed as an acoustic transducer, coupled with an optimized acoustic resonator to enhance the acoustic signal. The laser power was boosted to 150 mW using a C-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), achieving a detection limit of 469 ppb for C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> with an integration time of 1 s. The headspace degassing method was utilized to extract dissolved gases from the transformer oil, and the equilibrium process for the release of dissolved C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> was successfully monitored using the developed high-power QEPAS system. This approach provides reliable technical support for the real-time monitoring of the operational safety of power transformers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d289530672bb42c5a70ef5cc098e7511 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-d289530672bb42c5a70ef5cc098e75112025-08-20T03:32:33ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322025-07-0112771310.3390/photonics12070713High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing SystemYuxiang Wu0Tiehua Ma1Chenhua Liu2Yashan Fan3Shuai Shi4Songjie Guo5Yu Wang6Xiangjun Xu7Guqing Guo8Xuanbing Qiu9Zhijin Shang10Chuanliang Li11State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Measurement Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Dynamic Measurement Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement and Online Detection Equipment, School of Applied Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaTo enable the highly sensitive detection of acetylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) dissolved in transformer oil, a high-power quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensing system is proposed. A standard 32.7 kHz quartz tuning fork (QTF) was employed as an acoustic transducer, coupled with an optimized acoustic resonator to enhance the acoustic signal. The laser power was boosted to 150 mW using a C-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), achieving a detection limit of 469 ppb for C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> with an integration time of 1 s. The headspace degassing method was utilized to extract dissolved gases from the transformer oil, and the equilibrium process for the release of dissolved C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> was successfully monitored using the developed high-power QEPAS system. This approach provides reliable technical support for the real-time monitoring of the operational safety of power transformers.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/7/713photoacoustic spectroscopyquartz tuning forkdissolved acetylene |
| spellingShingle | Yuxiang Wu Tiehua Ma Chenhua Liu Yashan Fan Shuai Shi Songjie Guo Yu Wang Xiangjun Xu Guqing Guo Xuanbing Qiu Zhijin Shang Chuanliang Li High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing System Photonics photoacoustic spectroscopy quartz tuning fork dissolved acetylene |
| title | High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing System |
| title_full | High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing System |
| title_fullStr | High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing System |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing System |
| title_short | High-Sensitivity Dynamic Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil Based on High-Power Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensing System |
| title_sort | high sensitivity dynamic detection of dissolved acetylene in transformer oil based on high power quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy sensing system |
| topic | photoacoustic spectroscopy quartz tuning fork dissolved acetylene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/7/713 |
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