Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review
Emerging evidence underscores gut microbiota’s role in modulating lung cancer immunotherapy outcomes, though specific impacts on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and associated adverse events (AEs) require further clarity. This review synthesizes findings from 15 studies examining gut microbiota-...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1518474/full |
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| author | Yali Jin Zhiqian Jie Xianming Fan Xianming Fan |
| author_facet | Yali Jin Zhiqian Jie Xianming Fan Xianming Fan |
| author_sort | Yali Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Emerging evidence underscores gut microbiota’s role in modulating lung cancer immunotherapy outcomes, though specific impacts on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and associated adverse events (AEs) require further clarity. This review synthesizes findings from 15 studies examining gut microbiota-ICI interactions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), alongside studies investigating antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), probiotics, and diet as modulating factors. Results indicate that Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, and Verrucomicrobiota correlate with positive ICI responses, while Bacillota shows variable associations; notably, Bacillota-enriched patients had fewer immunotherapy-related AEs. The administration of antibiotics and PPIs within a month before ICIs was linked to diminished efficacy, whereas probiotics correlated with enhanced outcomes. Plant-based diets are also aligned with dietary patterns supportive of ICIs. These findings suggest that analyzing gut microbiota composition could improve the ability to predict NSCLC patient responses to ICIs. Additionally, judicious use of antibiotics, PPIs, probiotics, and dietary adjustments may optimize immunotherapy outcomes and mitigate adverse effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d25410ee48b045ab86ea730bb5d9e87d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d25410ee48b045ab86ea730bb5d9e87d2025-08-20T02:27:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2025-05-011510.3389/fonc.2025.15184741518474Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic reviewYali Jin0Zhiqian Jie1Xianming Fan2Xianming Fan3Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, ChinaInflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, ChinaEmerging evidence underscores gut microbiota’s role in modulating lung cancer immunotherapy outcomes, though specific impacts on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and associated adverse events (AEs) require further clarity. This review synthesizes findings from 15 studies examining gut microbiota-ICI interactions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), alongside studies investigating antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), probiotics, and diet as modulating factors. Results indicate that Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, and Verrucomicrobiota correlate with positive ICI responses, while Bacillota shows variable associations; notably, Bacillota-enriched patients had fewer immunotherapy-related AEs. The administration of antibiotics and PPIs within a month before ICIs was linked to diminished efficacy, whereas probiotics correlated with enhanced outcomes. Plant-based diets are also aligned with dietary patterns supportive of ICIs. These findings suggest that analyzing gut microbiota composition could improve the ability to predict NSCLC patient responses to ICIs. Additionally, judicious use of antibiotics, PPIs, probiotics, and dietary adjustments may optimize immunotherapy outcomes and mitigate adverse effects.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1518474/fullimmunotherapygut microbiotanon-small cell lung cancerimmune checkpoint inhibitorsdietary intervention |
| spellingShingle | Yali Jin Zhiqian Jie Xianming Fan Xianming Fan Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review Frontiers in Oncology immunotherapy gut microbiota non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitors dietary intervention |
| title | Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review |
| title_full | Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review |
| title_short | Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review |
| title_sort | gut microbes and immunotherapy for non small cell lung cancer a systematic review |
| topic | immunotherapy gut microbiota non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitors dietary intervention |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1518474/full |
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