Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats
Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neuroelectronic therapy for the treatment of a broad range of neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease. Current DBS technologies face important limitations, such as large electrode size, invasiveness, and lack of adaptive therapy based on bioma...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58156-z |
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| author | Nicola Ria Ahmed Eladly Eduard Masvidal-Codina Xavi Illa Anton Guimerà Kate Hills Ramon Garcia-Cortadella Fikret Taygun Duvan Samuel M. Flaherty Michal Prokop Rob. C. Wykes Kostas Kostarelos Jose A. Garrido |
| author_facet | Nicola Ria Ahmed Eladly Eduard Masvidal-Codina Xavi Illa Anton Guimerà Kate Hills Ramon Garcia-Cortadella Fikret Taygun Duvan Samuel M. Flaherty Michal Prokop Rob. C. Wykes Kostas Kostarelos Jose A. Garrido |
| author_sort | Nicola Ria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neuroelectronic therapy for the treatment of a broad range of neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease. Current DBS technologies face important limitations, such as large electrode size, invasiveness, and lack of adaptive therapy based on biomarker monitoring. In this study, we investigate the potential benefits of using nanoporous reduced graphene oxide (rGO) technology in DBS, by implanting a flexible high-density array of rGO microelectrodes (25 µm diameter) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of healthy and hemi-parkinsonian rats. We demonstrate that these microelectrodes record action potentials with a high signal-to-noise ratio, allowing the precise localization of the STN and the tracking of multiunit-based Parkinsonian biomarkers. The bidirectional capability to deliver high-density focal stimulation and to record high-fidelity signals unlocks the visualization of local neuromodulation of the multiunit biomarker. These findings demonstrate the potential of bidirectional high-resolution neural interfaces to investigate closed-loop DBS in preclinical models. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d24e32df71fa4bc3b17319df15bee315 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-d24e32df71fa4bc3b17319df15bee3152025-08-20T02:10:17ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-03-0116111610.1038/s41467-025-58156-zFlexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian ratsNicola Ria0Ahmed Eladly1Eduard Masvidal-Codina2Xavi Illa3Anton Guimerà4Kate Hills5Ramon Garcia-Cortadella6Fikret Taygun Duvan7Samuel M. Flaherty8Michal Prokop9Rob. C. Wykes10Kostas Kostarelos11Jose A. Garrido12Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UABUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of NeuroscienceCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UABInstituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, BellaterraInstituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, BellaterraUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of NeuroscienceCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UABCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UABUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of NeuroscienceCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UABUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of NeuroscienceCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UABCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UABAbstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neuroelectronic therapy for the treatment of a broad range of neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease. Current DBS technologies face important limitations, such as large electrode size, invasiveness, and lack of adaptive therapy based on biomarker monitoring. In this study, we investigate the potential benefits of using nanoporous reduced graphene oxide (rGO) technology in DBS, by implanting a flexible high-density array of rGO microelectrodes (25 µm diameter) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of healthy and hemi-parkinsonian rats. We demonstrate that these microelectrodes record action potentials with a high signal-to-noise ratio, allowing the precise localization of the STN and the tracking of multiunit-based Parkinsonian biomarkers. The bidirectional capability to deliver high-density focal stimulation and to record high-fidelity signals unlocks the visualization of local neuromodulation of the multiunit biomarker. These findings demonstrate the potential of bidirectional high-resolution neural interfaces to investigate closed-loop DBS in preclinical models.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58156-z |
| spellingShingle | Nicola Ria Ahmed Eladly Eduard Masvidal-Codina Xavi Illa Anton Guimerà Kate Hills Ramon Garcia-Cortadella Fikret Taygun Duvan Samuel M. Flaherty Michal Prokop Rob. C. Wykes Kostas Kostarelos Jose A. Garrido Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats Nature Communications |
| title | Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats |
| title_full | Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats |
| title_fullStr | Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats |
| title_short | Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats |
| title_sort | flexible graphene based neurotechnology for high precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in parkinsonian rats |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58156-z |
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