Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the serum prolactin (PRL) level and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In this study, 1,500 participants were divided into three groups based on the serum PRL level: hypoprolactinemia group (...
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Bioscientifica
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Endocrine Connections |
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| Online Access: | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/14/1/EC-24-0285.xml |
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| author | Baoyu Zhang Jing Ke Ning Zhang Wenying Zhao Liyong Zhong |
| author_facet | Baoyu Zhang Jing Ke Ning Zhang Wenying Zhao Liyong Zhong |
| author_sort | Baoyu Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the serum prolactin (PRL) level and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In this study, 1,500 participants were divided into three groups based on the serum PRL level: hypoprolactinemia group (PRL ≤ 7 μg/L), normal PRL level group (7 μg/L < PRL ≤ 25 μg/L), and homeostatic functionally increased transient PRL (Ho-PRL) group (25 μg/L < PRL ≤ 100 μg/L). The independent-sample Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the CIMT among the three groups. The Spearman correlation test was used to examine the relationship between the CIMT, serum PRL level, and clinical data. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors that influence the CIMT. Result: Individuals in the Ho-PRL group had a significantly lower CIMT compared to the hypoprolactinemia and normal PRL level groups (P < 0.001). The CIMT was positively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index, duration of T2DM, and luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels and negatively correlated with alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and PRL. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that only PRL was negatively associated with the CIMT, while age and SBP were positively associated with the CIMT. Conclusion: In patients with T2DM, a PRL level within the mildly elevated range is negatively correlated with the CIMT. A mildly elevated serum PRL level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d243f92f0f9e4895b5e15650eb2d2ded |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2049-3614 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Bioscientifica |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrine Connections |
| spelling | doaj-art-d243f92f0f9e4895b5e15650eb2d2ded2025-08-20T01:57:20ZengBioscientificaEndocrine Connections2049-36142024-12-0114110.1530/EC-24-02851Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusBaoyu Zhang0Jing Ke1Ning Zhang2Wenying Zhao3Liyong Zhong4Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaObjective: To evaluate the correlation between the serum prolactin (PRL) level and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In this study, 1,500 participants were divided into three groups based on the serum PRL level: hypoprolactinemia group (PRL ≤ 7 μg/L), normal PRL level group (7 μg/L < PRL ≤ 25 μg/L), and homeostatic functionally increased transient PRL (Ho-PRL) group (25 μg/L < PRL ≤ 100 μg/L). The independent-sample Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the CIMT among the three groups. The Spearman correlation test was used to examine the relationship between the CIMT, serum PRL level, and clinical data. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors that influence the CIMT. Result: Individuals in the Ho-PRL group had a significantly lower CIMT compared to the hypoprolactinemia and normal PRL level groups (P < 0.001). The CIMT was positively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index, duration of T2DM, and luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels and negatively correlated with alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and PRL. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that only PRL was negatively associated with the CIMT, while age and SBP were positively associated with the CIMT. Conclusion: In patients with T2DM, a PRL level within the mildly elevated range is negatively correlated with the CIMT. A mildly elevated serum PRL level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media.https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/14/1/EC-24-0285.xmlcarotid intima-media thicknesshomeostatic functionally increased transient prlprolactintype 2 diabetes |
| spellingShingle | Baoyu Zhang Jing Ke Ning Zhang Wenying Zhao Liyong Zhong Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Endocrine Connections carotid intima-media thickness homeostatic functionally increased transient prl prolactin type 2 diabetes |
| title | Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_full | Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_fullStr | Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_short | Mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima-media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_sort | mildly elevated serum prolactin level may be a protective factor for preventing thickening of the carotid intima media in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| topic | carotid intima-media thickness homeostatic functionally increased transient prl prolactin type 2 diabetes |
| url | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/14/1/EC-24-0285.xml |
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