NAD + metabolism and function in innate and adaptive immune cells

Abstract Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a central role in cellular metabolism and energy production, supporting many biological processes. Recent studies highlight the significance of NAD + in regulation of immune cell function, with implications for our understanding of immune homeo...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rebecca Mann, Victoria Stavrou, Sarah Dimeloe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Inflammation
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12950-025-00457-7
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Summary:Abstract Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a central role in cellular metabolism and energy production, supporting many biological processes. Recent studies highlight the significance of NAD + in regulation of immune cell function, with implications for our understanding of immune homeostasis, inflammation, and disease. This review reports our current understanding on the role of NAD + in the immune system, specifically in macrophages and T cells, facilitating their metabolic reprogramming during differentiation and activation. It offers an overview of NAD + biosynthesis within these immune cells, describes its role in the modulation of immune cell metabolism and effector function, and highlights potential therapeutic applications of NAD + modulation in immunological disorders including autoimmune diseases and cancer.
ISSN:1476-9255