The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration

Studies of word predictability in context show that words in English tend to be shorter if they are predictable from the next word, and to a lesser extent, if they are predictable from the previous word. Some studies distinguish function and content words, but otherwise have not considered grammatic...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bybee Joan, Brown Earl Kjar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: De Gruyter 2024-08-01
Series:Cognitive Linguistics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1515/cog-2023-0077
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849225133226459136
author Bybee Joan
Brown Earl Kjar
author_facet Bybee Joan
Brown Earl Kjar
author_sort Bybee Joan
collection DOAJ
description Studies of word predictability in context show that words in English tend to be shorter if they are predictable from the next word, and to a lesser extent, if they are predictable from the previous word. Some studies distinguish function and content words, but otherwise have not considered grammatical factors, treating all two-word sequences as comparable. Because function words are highly frequent, words occurring with them have low predictability. Highest predictability occurs within bigrams with two content words. Using the Buckeye corpus, we show that content word bigrams from different constructions vary widely in predictability, with adjective–noun and noun–noun sequences (content words within a noun phrase) having the highest scores. It is known that in adjective–noun sequences, the vowel of the adjective is shorter than in other positions. We study noun–noun sequences within the noun phrase and show that the first noun is shorter than in other contexts. It follows that the shorter duration of the first word when it is predictable from the second in many cases is due to the noun phrase construction and not necessarily the regulation of duration corresponding to predictable versus unpredictable information. We conclude that predictability studies must consider the constructions words occur in.
format Article
id doaj-art-d1645842b3344921af54261e32e84e77
institution Kabale University
issn 0936-5907
1613-3641
language English
publishDate 2024-08-01
publisher De Gruyter
record_format Article
series Cognitive Linguistics
spelling doaj-art-d1645842b3344921af54261e32e84e772025-08-25T06:10:17ZengDe GruyterCognitive Linguistics0936-59071613-36412024-08-0135337740610.1515/cog-2023-0077The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word durationBybee Joan0Brown Earl Kjar11104University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USABrigham Young University, Provo, USAStudies of word predictability in context show that words in English tend to be shorter if they are predictable from the next word, and to a lesser extent, if they are predictable from the previous word. Some studies distinguish function and content words, but otherwise have not considered grammatical factors, treating all two-word sequences as comparable. Because function words are highly frequent, words occurring with them have low predictability. Highest predictability occurs within bigrams with two content words. Using the Buckeye corpus, we show that content word bigrams from different constructions vary widely in predictability, with adjective–noun and noun–noun sequences (content words within a noun phrase) having the highest scores. It is known that in adjective–noun sequences, the vowel of the adjective is shorter than in other positions. We study noun–noun sequences within the noun phrase and show that the first noun is shorter than in other contexts. It follows that the shorter duration of the first word when it is predictable from the second in many cases is due to the noun phrase construction and not necessarily the regulation of duration corresponding to predictable versus unpredictable information. We conclude that predictability studies must consider the constructions words occur in.https://doi.org/10.1515/cog-2023-0077constructionspredictabilityinformativityphonetic reductionword durationnoun phrase construction
spellingShingle Bybee Joan
Brown Earl Kjar
The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration
Cognitive Linguistics
constructions
predictability
informativity
phonetic reduction
word duration
noun phrase construction
title The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration
title_full The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration
title_fullStr The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration
title_full_unstemmed The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration
title_short The role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration
title_sort role of constructions in understanding predictability measures and their correspondence to word duration
topic constructions
predictability
informativity
phonetic reduction
word duration
noun phrase construction
url https://doi.org/10.1515/cog-2023-0077
work_keys_str_mv AT bybeejoan theroleofconstructionsinunderstandingpredictabilitymeasuresandtheircorrespondencetowordduration
AT brownearlkjar theroleofconstructionsinunderstandingpredictabilitymeasuresandtheircorrespondencetowordduration
AT bybeejoan roleofconstructionsinunderstandingpredictabilitymeasuresandtheircorrespondencetowordduration
AT brownearlkjar roleofconstructionsinunderstandingpredictabilitymeasuresandtheircorrespondencetowordduration