The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine Oil
The development of multifunctional lubricant additives is critical for enhancing the performance and longevity of internal combustion engines. This study investigates the influence of oil additive, containing an atomic metal conditioner (AMC), a two-dimensional sliding agent, and a patented revitali...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Lubricants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/7/284 |
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| author | Ruslans Smigins Audrius Žunda Albinas Andriušis Çağla Gizem Acar Simona Tučkutė |
| author_facet | Ruslans Smigins Audrius Žunda Albinas Andriušis Çağla Gizem Acar Simona Tučkutė |
| author_sort | Ruslans Smigins |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of multifunctional lubricant additives is critical for enhancing the performance and longevity of internal combustion engines. This study investigates the influence of oil additive, containing an atomic metal conditioner (AMC), a two-dimensional sliding agent, and a patented revitalizer on lubricating properties of engine oil 5W-30 and on surface wear characteristics. The experimental testing involved comparative tribological evaluation using the 4-ball test. Pure commercial engine oil (PEO) 5W-30 and oil mixed with the revitalizer additive (OMA) were used. The changes in friction torque (FTq), temperature, and wear scars were analyzed. FTq evolution showed a distinct behavior across the different test cases: PEO exhibited fluctuating FTq in the initial minute and thereafter, but its value was lower, and the wear scars were smaller compared to OMA. Long-duration tests revealed that OMA resulted in significantly larger wear scars, large FTq values, and less variations emerging later in the test. When switching from PEO (1 h) to OMA (1 h) mid-test, the wear increased compared to 2 h PEO. Across all conditions, oil temperature had a strong relationship with FTq. Although some frictional improvements were observed, no definitive evidence of revitalizer-induced surface regeneration was detected, suggesting adhesive wear remained predominant under the studied conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d120abf0cbca47b5b0f1d71f591f4ab0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4442 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Lubricants |
| spelling | doaj-art-d120abf0cbca47b5b0f1d71f591f4ab02025-08-20T03:36:12ZengMDPI AGLubricants2075-44422025-06-0113728410.3390/lubricants13070284The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine OilRuslans Smigins0Audrius Žunda1Albinas Andriušis2Çağla Gizem Acar3Simona Tučkutė4Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, J. Cakstes blvd 5, LV3001 Jelgava, LatviaDepartment of Mechanical, Energy and Biotechnology Engineering, Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaičio St. 58, 44248 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Mechanical, Energy and Biotechnology Engineering, Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaičio St. 58, 44248 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Mechanical, Energy and Biotechnology Engineering, Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaičio St. 58, 44248 Kaunas, LithuaniaCenter for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Lithuanian Energy Institute, Breslaujos St. 3, 44403 Kaunas, LithuaniaThe development of multifunctional lubricant additives is critical for enhancing the performance and longevity of internal combustion engines. This study investigates the influence of oil additive, containing an atomic metal conditioner (AMC), a two-dimensional sliding agent, and a patented revitalizer on lubricating properties of engine oil 5W-30 and on surface wear characteristics. The experimental testing involved comparative tribological evaluation using the 4-ball test. Pure commercial engine oil (PEO) 5W-30 and oil mixed with the revitalizer additive (OMA) were used. The changes in friction torque (FTq), temperature, and wear scars were analyzed. FTq evolution showed a distinct behavior across the different test cases: PEO exhibited fluctuating FTq in the initial minute and thereafter, but its value was lower, and the wear scars were smaller compared to OMA. Long-duration tests revealed that OMA resulted in significantly larger wear scars, large FTq values, and less variations emerging later in the test. When switching from PEO (1 h) to OMA (1 h) mid-test, the wear increased compared to 2 h PEO. Across all conditions, oil temperature had a strong relationship with FTq. Although some frictional improvements were observed, no definitive evidence of revitalizer-induced surface regeneration was detected, suggesting adhesive wear remained predominant under the studied conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/7/284revitalizer additivetribofilmfriction torquewear |
| spellingShingle | Ruslans Smigins Audrius Žunda Albinas Andriušis Çağla Gizem Acar Simona Tučkutė The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine Oil Lubricants revitalizer additive tribofilm friction torque wear |
| title | The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine Oil |
| title_full | The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine Oil |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine Oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine Oil |
| title_short | The Influence of Atomic Metal Conditioner Additive with Surface Revitalizer on the Lubricating Properties of Engine Oil |
| title_sort | influence of atomic metal conditioner additive with surface revitalizer on the lubricating properties of engine oil |
| topic | revitalizer additive tribofilm friction torque wear |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/7/284 |
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