Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber

Abstract False banana fiber (FBF) has recently been the subject of much research due to its potential use as a reinforcing material in the construction industry. The surface characteristics of FBF (roughness and hydric properties) significantly affect its adhesion to a matrix due to the presence of...

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Main Authors: Chalachew Nigussie Checol, Zenamarkos Bantie Sendekie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10825-1
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author Chalachew Nigussie Checol
Zenamarkos Bantie Sendekie
author_facet Chalachew Nigussie Checol
Zenamarkos Bantie Sendekie
author_sort Chalachew Nigussie Checol
collection DOAJ
description Abstract False banana fiber (FBF) has recently been the subject of much research due to its potential use as a reinforcing material in the construction industry. The surface characteristics of FBF (roughness and hydric properties) significantly affect its adhesion to a matrix due to the presence of weak components. This study aims to enhance the performance of FBF, specifically its tensile strength and water absorption, and explore the microstructural changes brought about during alkali treatment by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at concentrations of 3, 5.5, and 8 w/v%, at temperatures of 50, 70, and 90 °C, and treatment durations of 30, 45, and 60 min. The fiber’s tensile strength and water absorption, and interactions of independent variables were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). Furthermore, the physicochemical and microstructural characteristics have been studied. The optimum treatment conditions were 6.3% alkali concentration, 80.6 °C, and 60 min, at which the tensile strength was improved by 26% (from 615.37 to 775.24 MPa) and the water absorption was reduced by 68% (from 209.36 to 68.67%). The cellulose content was augmented by 35%, and the hemicellulose, lignin, and extractives were meaningfully reduced by 59, 55, and 68%, respectively. Consequently, alkali treatment significantly influenced the fiber’s tensile strength and water absorption properties, suggesting its potential for enhancing the fiber’s performance. Methods of characterization like fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses provided valuable insights into the structural and thermal properties of the fibers, further supporting the potential of the fiber for engineering applications.
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spelling doaj-art-d11f9ed15ed04a21994936d882e305ee2025-08-20T03:46:01ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-10825-1Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiberChalachew Nigussie Checol0Zenamarkos Bantie Sendekie1Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar UniversityChemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar UniversityAbstract False banana fiber (FBF) has recently been the subject of much research due to its potential use as a reinforcing material in the construction industry. The surface characteristics of FBF (roughness and hydric properties) significantly affect its adhesion to a matrix due to the presence of weak components. This study aims to enhance the performance of FBF, specifically its tensile strength and water absorption, and explore the microstructural changes brought about during alkali treatment by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at concentrations of 3, 5.5, and 8 w/v%, at temperatures of 50, 70, and 90 °C, and treatment durations of 30, 45, and 60 min. The fiber’s tensile strength and water absorption, and interactions of independent variables were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). Furthermore, the physicochemical and microstructural characteristics have been studied. The optimum treatment conditions were 6.3% alkali concentration, 80.6 °C, and 60 min, at which the tensile strength was improved by 26% (from 615.37 to 775.24 MPa) and the water absorption was reduced by 68% (from 209.36 to 68.67%). The cellulose content was augmented by 35%, and the hemicellulose, lignin, and extractives were meaningfully reduced by 59, 55, and 68%, respectively. Consequently, alkali treatment significantly influenced the fiber’s tensile strength and water absorption properties, suggesting its potential for enhancing the fiber’s performance. Methods of characterization like fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses provided valuable insights into the structural and thermal properties of the fibers, further supporting the potential of the fiber for engineering applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10825-1False banana fiberAlkali treatmentPhysicochemical properties
spellingShingle Chalachew Nigussie Checol
Zenamarkos Bantie Sendekie
Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber
Scientific Reports
False banana fiber
Alkali treatment
Physicochemical properties
title Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber
title_full Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber
title_fullStr Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber
title_full_unstemmed Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber
title_short Effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber
title_sort effect of alkali treatment on physicochemical and microstructural properties of false banana fiber
topic False banana fiber
Alkali treatment
Physicochemical properties
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10825-1
work_keys_str_mv AT chalachewnigussiechecol effectofalkalitreatmentonphysicochemicalandmicrostructuralpropertiesoffalsebananafiber
AT zenamarkosbantiesendekie effectofalkalitreatmentonphysicochemicalandmicrostructuralpropertiesoffalsebananafiber