Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation
As the development of new power systems progresses, the inherent inertia of power systems continues to diminish. Centralized frequency regulation, which relies on rapid communication and real-time control, can enable inverter-based thermostatically controlled load (ITCL) clusters to provide virtual...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tsinghua University Press
2025-03-01
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| Series: | iEnergy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.23919/IEN.2025.0003 |
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| _version_ | 1849761912630280192 |
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| author | Te Zhou Meng Zhou Shuai Wang Zhi Li Yang Han Tomislav Capuder Ning Zhang |
| author_facet | Te Zhou Meng Zhou Shuai Wang Zhi Li Yang Han Tomislav Capuder Ning Zhang |
| author_sort | Te Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As the development of new power systems progresses, the inherent inertia of power systems continues to diminish. Centralized frequency regulation, which relies on rapid communication and real-time control, can enable inverter-based thermostatically controlled load (ITCL) clusters to provide virtual inertia support to the power grid. However, ITCL clusters exhibit significant discrete response characteristics, which precludes the direct integration of load-side inertia support into the synchronous unit side. To address this issue, this paper elaborates on the existing technical framework and analyzes the underlying causes of the problem. It proposes a timestamp allocation mechanism for ITCL cluster control instructions, ensuring that many ITCL terminals can be triggered at staggered times, thereby allowing the load cluster power to adhere to the inertia analog control law at any moment. Building on this foundation, the paper further examines the impact of the inertia response delay of ITCL clusters, which is based on centralized frequency regulation, on the stability of the power system. A design scheme for inertia analog control parameters is proposed, taking into account dual constraints, frequency stability and load cluster regulation capacity. Finally, the feasibility and applicability of the proposed mechanism and parameter design scheme are investigated through simulations conducted via MATLAB/Simulink. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d11ddffe829f48f6a36905d8e59099fa |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2771-9197 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Tsinghua University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | iEnergy |
| spelling | doaj-art-d11ddffe829f48f6a36905d8e59099fa2025-08-20T03:05:52ZengTsinghua University PressiEnergy2771-91972025-03-0141163010.23919/IEN.2025.0003Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulationTe Zhou0Meng Zhou1Shuai Wang2Zhi Li3Yang Han4Tomislav Capuder5Ning Zhang6Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute, Tsinghua University, Chengdu 610042, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaSichuan Energy Internet Research Institute, Tsinghua University, Chengdu 610042, ChinaDepartment of New Power System Research Center, Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory, Chengdu 610213, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaDepartment of Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaSichuan Energy Internet Research Institute, Tsinghua University, Chengdu 610042, ChinaAs the development of new power systems progresses, the inherent inertia of power systems continues to diminish. Centralized frequency regulation, which relies on rapid communication and real-time control, can enable inverter-based thermostatically controlled load (ITCL) clusters to provide virtual inertia support to the power grid. However, ITCL clusters exhibit significant discrete response characteristics, which precludes the direct integration of load-side inertia support into the synchronous unit side. To address this issue, this paper elaborates on the existing technical framework and analyzes the underlying causes of the problem. It proposes a timestamp allocation mechanism for ITCL cluster control instructions, ensuring that many ITCL terminals can be triggered at staggered times, thereby allowing the load cluster power to adhere to the inertia analog control law at any moment. Building on this foundation, the paper further examines the impact of the inertia response delay of ITCL clusters, which is based on centralized frequency regulation, on the stability of the power system. A design scheme for inertia analog control parameters is proposed, taking into account dual constraints, frequency stability and load cluster regulation capacity. Finally, the feasibility and applicability of the proposed mechanism and parameter design scheme are investigated through simulations conducted via MATLAB/Simulink.https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.23919/IEN.2025.0003thermostatically controlled loaddemand responsefrequency responsecentralized frequency regulationinertia analog |
| spellingShingle | Te Zhou Meng Zhou Shuai Wang Zhi Li Yang Han Tomislav Capuder Ning Zhang Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation iEnergy thermostatically controlled load demand response frequency response centralized frequency regulation inertia analog |
| title | Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation |
| title_full | Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation |
| title_fullStr | Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation |
| title_short | Centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter-based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation |
| title_sort | centralized synthetic inertia control of inverter based thermostatically controlled load clusters for grid frequency regulation |
| topic | thermostatically controlled load demand response frequency response centralized frequency regulation inertia analog |
| url | https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.23919/IEN.2025.0003 |
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