Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex Environments

Zein was made flexible through acid-driven deamidation. This increased flexibility was confirmed by the higher release of water-soluble peptides during trypsin hydrolysis. Self-assembled flexible zein nanoparticles (FZNPs) were prepared using the anti-solvent precipitation method. To test the sensit...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shirong Dong, Guangqing Mu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/5/859
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850050661350113280
author Shirong Dong
Guangqing Mu
author_facet Shirong Dong
Guangqing Mu
author_sort Shirong Dong
collection DOAJ
description Zein was made flexible through acid-driven deamidation. This increased flexibility was confirmed by the higher release of water-soluble peptides during trypsin hydrolysis. Self-assembled flexible zein nanoparticles (FZNPs) were prepared using the anti-solvent precipitation method. To test the sensitivity of FZNPs to complex environment, ionic solutions (CaCl<sub>2</sub> and NaCl) at various concentrations were prepared. The morphology and particle size of FZNPs differed significantly from those of control zein nanoparticles (NZNPs). As the ionic concentration increased from 0 to 15 mmol/L, FZNPs showed higher electrical conductivity and adsorption capacity than NZNPs. This suggests that FZNPs are highly sensitive to complex environment. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectrum (XPS) results revealed that both FZNPs and NZNPs bound more Na<sup>+</sup> than Ca<sup>2+</sup>. The enhanced sensitivity of FZNPs to complex environments may be due to their greater tendency for structural changes. These conformational changes are likely caused by the altered amino acids in flexible zein, which result from deamidation. This study offers a practical approach to designing novel nanoparticles as functional materials for delivering bioactive compounds.
format Article
id doaj-art-d1022eff9e6543bf8d45eefa0a009d26
institution DOAJ
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-d1022eff9e6543bf8d45eefa0a009d262025-08-20T02:53:22ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-03-0114585910.3390/foods14050859Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex EnvironmentsShirong Dong0Guangqing Mu1School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, ChinaZein was made flexible through acid-driven deamidation. This increased flexibility was confirmed by the higher release of water-soluble peptides during trypsin hydrolysis. Self-assembled flexible zein nanoparticles (FZNPs) were prepared using the anti-solvent precipitation method. To test the sensitivity of FZNPs to complex environment, ionic solutions (CaCl<sub>2</sub> and NaCl) at various concentrations were prepared. The morphology and particle size of FZNPs differed significantly from those of control zein nanoparticles (NZNPs). As the ionic concentration increased from 0 to 15 mmol/L, FZNPs showed higher electrical conductivity and adsorption capacity than NZNPs. This suggests that FZNPs are highly sensitive to complex environment. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectrum (XPS) results revealed that both FZNPs and NZNPs bound more Na<sup>+</sup> than Ca<sup>2+</sup>. The enhanced sensitivity of FZNPs to complex environments may be due to their greater tendency for structural changes. These conformational changes are likely caused by the altered amino acids in flexible zein, which result from deamidation. This study offers a practical approach to designing novel nanoparticles as functional materials for delivering bioactive compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/5/859zeinflexibilityacidic modificationcomplex environmentsensitivitynanoparticle
spellingShingle Shirong Dong
Guangqing Mu
Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex Environments
Foods
zein
flexibility
acidic modification
complex environment
sensitivity
nanoparticle
title Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex Environments
title_full Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex Environments
title_fullStr Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex Environments
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex Environments
title_short Investigation of Self-Assembled Flexible Zein Nanoparticles and Their Sensitivity to Complex Environments
title_sort investigation of self assembled flexible zein nanoparticles and their sensitivity to complex environments
topic zein
flexibility
acidic modification
complex environment
sensitivity
nanoparticle
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/5/859
work_keys_str_mv AT shirongdong investigationofselfassembledflexiblezeinnanoparticlesandtheirsensitivitytocomplexenvironments
AT guangqingmu investigationofselfassembledflexiblezeinnanoparticlesandtheirsensitivitytocomplexenvironments