The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic
Objective: This paper aimed to explore the association between school learning models (virtual vs. in-person) and child health behaviours (daily screen time, physical activity, outdoor time, sleep duration, and sleep onset time) during COVID-19, and whether these associations were modified by child&...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Preventive Medicine Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221133552500110X |
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| author | Monica Prajapati Xuedi Li Kaylyssa Philip Charles D.G. Keown-Stoneman Jessica A. Omand Alice Charach Katherine T. Cost Laura M. Kinlin Leigh M. Vanderloo Magdalena Janus Jonathon L. Maguire Catherine S. Birken |
| author_facet | Monica Prajapati Xuedi Li Kaylyssa Philip Charles D.G. Keown-Stoneman Jessica A. Omand Alice Charach Katherine T. Cost Laura M. Kinlin Leigh M. Vanderloo Magdalena Janus Jonathon L. Maguire Catherine S. Birken |
| author_sort | Monica Prajapati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: This paper aimed to explore the association between school learning models (virtual vs. in-person) and child health behaviours (daily screen time, physical activity, outdoor time, sleep duration, and sleep onset time) during COVID-19, and whether these associations were modified by child's age, sex, and family income. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was conducted among children four to 13 years from the TARGet Kids! COVID-19 Study of Children and Families between November 2020 and July 2022. TARGet Kids! is a primary care research network in Ontario, Canada. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, child school learning models and health behaviours were collected from repeated parent-reported questionnaires. Linear mixed effects models were fit adjusting for confounders identified a priori. Results: A total of 367 children [51 % male; 7.3 (± 2.2) years] with 779 observations on school learning model were included. Compared to in-person learning, virtual learning was associated with higher daily screen time (0.22 h; 95 % CI 0.03, 0.40), higher outdoor time (0.71 h; 95 % CI 0.56, 0.86), higher physical activity (0.64 h; 95 % CI 0.44, 0.85), and a later sleep onset time (0.22 h; 95 % CI 0.15, 0.28). Older children had higher daily outdoor time, girls had a later sleep onset time and children with a family income greater than $150,000 reported higher daily physical activity. Conclusions: Virtual learning was associated with higher daily screen time, outdoor time and physical activity, and later sleep onset time during the pandemic. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d0dd9c9a345e4d20b7d4c8af95a7fbfe |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2211-3355 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Preventive Medicine Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-d0dd9c9a345e4d20b7d4c8af95a7fbfe2025-08-20T02:25:41ZengElsevierPreventive Medicine Reports2211-33552025-06-015410307110.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103071The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemicMonica Prajapati0Xuedi Li1Kaylyssa Philip2Charles D.G. Keown-Stoneman3Jessica A. Omand4Alice Charach5Katherine T. Cost6Laura M. Kinlin7Leigh M. Vanderloo8Magdalena Janus9Jonathon L. Maguire10Catherine S. Birken11Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, CanadaChild Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1E8, Canada; Corresponding author at: Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, CanadaDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, CanadaSchool of Nutrition, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1E8, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Sickkids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, CanadaChild Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1E8, Canada; School of Occupational Therapy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Science and Evaluation, ParticipACTION, Toronto, ON M5R 1P6, CanadaOfford Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, CanadaLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, CanadaChild Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1E8, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, CanadaObjective: This paper aimed to explore the association between school learning models (virtual vs. in-person) and child health behaviours (daily screen time, physical activity, outdoor time, sleep duration, and sleep onset time) during COVID-19, and whether these associations were modified by child's age, sex, and family income. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was conducted among children four to 13 years from the TARGet Kids! COVID-19 Study of Children and Families between November 2020 and July 2022. TARGet Kids! is a primary care research network in Ontario, Canada. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, child school learning models and health behaviours were collected from repeated parent-reported questionnaires. Linear mixed effects models were fit adjusting for confounders identified a priori. Results: A total of 367 children [51 % male; 7.3 (± 2.2) years] with 779 observations on school learning model were included. Compared to in-person learning, virtual learning was associated with higher daily screen time (0.22 h; 95 % CI 0.03, 0.40), higher outdoor time (0.71 h; 95 % CI 0.56, 0.86), higher physical activity (0.64 h; 95 % CI 0.44, 0.85), and a later sleep onset time (0.22 h; 95 % CI 0.15, 0.28). Older children had higher daily outdoor time, girls had a later sleep onset time and children with a family income greater than $150,000 reported higher daily physical activity. Conclusions: Virtual learning was associated with higher daily screen time, outdoor time and physical activity, and later sleep onset time during the pandemic.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221133552500110XCOVID-19Virtual learningSchool learningPhysical activityScreen timeChild health behaviours |
| spellingShingle | Monica Prajapati Xuedi Li Kaylyssa Philip Charles D.G. Keown-Stoneman Jessica A. Omand Alice Charach Katherine T. Cost Laura M. Kinlin Leigh M. Vanderloo Magdalena Janus Jonathon L. Maguire Catherine S. Birken The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic Preventive Medicine Reports COVID-19 Virtual learning School learning Physical activity Screen time Child health behaviours |
| title | The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_full | The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_fullStr | The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_short | The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_sort | association between learning models and child health behaviours during the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | COVID-19 Virtual learning School learning Physical activity Screen time Child health behaviours |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221133552500110X |
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