Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks

Abstract Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks are promising low-density porous materials for lightweight thermal management, yet comprehensive thermal conductivity measurements remain scarce. Particularly, direct in-plane thermal conductivity data for large-area, fully suspended covalent orga...

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Main Authors: Jinghang Dai, Qiyi Fang, Gustavo A. Alvarez, Amelia Schaeffer, Kirt A. Page, Jiyoung Kim, Samuel M. Kielar, Joyce Christiansen-Salameh, Eugene Jeong, Dayanni D. Bhagwandin, Jinha Kwon, Ly D. Tran, Md. Sherajul Islam, Ajit K. Roy, Nicholas R. Glavin, Yu Zhong, Jun Lou, Zhiting Tian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61334-8
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author Jinghang Dai
Qiyi Fang
Gustavo A. Alvarez
Amelia Schaeffer
Kirt A. Page
Jiyoung Kim
Samuel M. Kielar
Joyce Christiansen-Salameh
Eugene Jeong
Dayanni D. Bhagwandin
Jinha Kwon
Ly D. Tran
Md. Sherajul Islam
Ajit K. Roy
Nicholas R. Glavin
Yu Zhong
Jun Lou
Zhiting Tian
author_facet Jinghang Dai
Qiyi Fang
Gustavo A. Alvarez
Amelia Schaeffer
Kirt A. Page
Jiyoung Kim
Samuel M. Kielar
Joyce Christiansen-Salameh
Eugene Jeong
Dayanni D. Bhagwandin
Jinha Kwon
Ly D. Tran
Md. Sherajul Islam
Ajit K. Roy
Nicholas R. Glavin
Yu Zhong
Jun Lou
Zhiting Tian
author_sort Jinghang Dai
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks are promising low-density porous materials for lightweight thermal management, yet comprehensive thermal conductivity measurements remain scarce. Particularly, direct in-plane thermal conductivity data for large-area, fully suspended covalent organic framework thin films has not been reported previously. This study addresses this gap by measuring in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivities of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with varying pore sizes using laser-based pump-probe techniques. Transient thermal grating spectroscopy revealed a high in-plane thermal conductivity of 1.18 ± 0.21 W/(m⋅K) for a sample with a 1.4 nm pore size, highlighting a notable pore size effect. Cross-plane thermal conductivity measured via frequency-domain thermoreflectance indicated weak thermal anisotropy for samples with larger pores. Grazing-incident wide-angle X-ray scattering provided structural insights and clarified heat conduction mechanisms. These direct in-plane thermal conductivity measurements enhance understanding of thermal transport behaviors in covalent organic frameworks, supporting their development as advanced thermal management materials.
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spelling doaj-art-d0a9364ea5e14393855816613327d6b22025-08-20T03:05:14ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-011611910.1038/s41467-025-61334-8Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworksJinghang Dai0Qiyi Fang1Gustavo A. Alvarez2Amelia Schaeffer3Kirt A. Page4Jiyoung Kim5Samuel M. Kielar6Joyce Christiansen-Salameh7Eugene Jeong8Dayanni D. Bhagwandin9Jinha Kwon10Ly D. Tran11Md. Sherajul Islam12Ajit K. Roy13Nicholas R. Glavin14Yu Zhong15Jun Lou16Zhiting Tian17Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversityDepartment of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice UniversitySibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversitySibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversityCornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell UniversitySibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversitySibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversitySibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversitySibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversityMaterials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseSibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversityMaterials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseMaterials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseMaterials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseMaterials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell UniversityDepartment of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice UniversitySibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell UniversityAbstract Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks are promising low-density porous materials for lightweight thermal management, yet comprehensive thermal conductivity measurements remain scarce. Particularly, direct in-plane thermal conductivity data for large-area, fully suspended covalent organic framework thin films has not been reported previously. This study addresses this gap by measuring in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivities of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with varying pore sizes using laser-based pump-probe techniques. Transient thermal grating spectroscopy revealed a high in-plane thermal conductivity of 1.18 ± 0.21 W/(m⋅K) for a sample with a 1.4 nm pore size, highlighting a notable pore size effect. Cross-plane thermal conductivity measured via frequency-domain thermoreflectance indicated weak thermal anisotropy for samples with larger pores. Grazing-incident wide-angle X-ray scattering provided structural insights and clarified heat conduction mechanisms. These direct in-plane thermal conductivity measurements enhance understanding of thermal transport behaviors in covalent organic frameworks, supporting their development as advanced thermal management materials.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61334-8
spellingShingle Jinghang Dai
Qiyi Fang
Gustavo A. Alvarez
Amelia Schaeffer
Kirt A. Page
Jiyoung Kim
Samuel M. Kielar
Joyce Christiansen-Salameh
Eugene Jeong
Dayanni D. Bhagwandin
Jinha Kwon
Ly D. Tran
Md. Sherajul Islam
Ajit K. Roy
Nicholas R. Glavin
Yu Zhong
Jun Lou
Zhiting Tian
Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks
Nature Communications
title Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks
title_full Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks
title_fullStr Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks
title_full_unstemmed Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks
title_short Directly measured high in-plane thermal conductivity of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks
title_sort directly measured high in plane thermal conductivity of two dimensional covalent organic frameworks
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61334-8
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