Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care

Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of comorbidities among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV) attending a dental outpatient clinic and discuss the impact of these comorbidities on dental management. A cross-sectional observational study evaluated 238 PLWHIV attendin...

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Main Authors: Maria Fernanda BARTHOLO, Jefferson Rocha TENÓRIO, Natália Silva ANDRADE, Cristiane Barbosa SILVEIRA, Karem López ORTEGA, Fabiana MARTINS, Marina GALLOTTINI
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica 2025-04-01
Series:Brazilian Oral Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-83242025000101552&lng=en&tlng=en
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author Maria Fernanda BARTHOLO
Jefferson Rocha TENÓRIO
Natália Silva ANDRADE
Cristiane Barbosa SILVEIRA
Karem López ORTEGA
Fabiana MARTINS
Marina GALLOTTINI
author_facet Maria Fernanda BARTHOLO
Jefferson Rocha TENÓRIO
Natália Silva ANDRADE
Cristiane Barbosa SILVEIRA
Karem López ORTEGA
Fabiana MARTINS
Marina GALLOTTINI
author_sort Maria Fernanda BARTHOLO
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of comorbidities among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV) attending a dental outpatient clinic and discuss the impact of these comorbidities on dental management. A cross-sectional observational study evaluated 238 PLWHIV attending a specialized dental outpatient clinic in Brazil. We collected sociodemographic data, self-reported and physician-diagnosed comorbidities, hemogram results, CD4+ T cell count, viral load, use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), and information on harmful habits. The most prevalent comorbidities were sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (116/238; 48.7%), psychiatric disorders (105/238; 44.1%), and lipodystrophy (97/238; 40.8%). Men were more likely to have STIs (OR 4.0) and tuberculosis (OR: 2.5) (p < 0.05). Age ≥ 50 years increased the risk of diabetes mellitus by 2.6 times (p < 0.05). The risk of lipodystrophy (OR: 2.99, 95%CI 1.44–6.19) and psychiatric disorders (OR: 2.13, 95%CI 1.01–4.47) was greater in those who had been diagnosed with HIV for more than 20 years. In summary, psychiatric disorders and severe hematological alterations, such as anemia and neutropenia, are significant comorbidities that may limit dental treatment of HIV-positive patients. These findings underscore the need for integrated medical and dental care to address the complex health needs of PLWHIV.
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spelling doaj-art-d0a6ae4df2e6410aa7e9738abd4434852025-08-20T02:08:46ZengSociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa OdontológicaBrazilian Oral Research1807-31072025-04-013910.1590/1807-3107bor-2025.vol39.035Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental careMaria Fernanda BARTHOLOhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3447-2589Jefferson Rocha TENÓRIOhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-9148Natália Silva ANDRADEhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5945-8401Cristiane Barbosa SILVEIRAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6349-2848Karem López ORTEGAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9573-2858Fabiana MARTINShttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4352-7959Marina GALLOTTINIhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6071-5110Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of comorbidities among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV) attending a dental outpatient clinic and discuss the impact of these comorbidities on dental management. A cross-sectional observational study evaluated 238 PLWHIV attending a specialized dental outpatient clinic in Brazil. We collected sociodemographic data, self-reported and physician-diagnosed comorbidities, hemogram results, CD4+ T cell count, viral load, use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), and information on harmful habits. The most prevalent comorbidities were sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (116/238; 48.7%), psychiatric disorders (105/238; 44.1%), and lipodystrophy (97/238; 40.8%). Men were more likely to have STIs (OR 4.0) and tuberculosis (OR: 2.5) (p < 0.05). Age ≥ 50 years increased the risk of diabetes mellitus by 2.6 times (p < 0.05). The risk of lipodystrophy (OR: 2.99, 95%CI 1.44–6.19) and psychiatric disorders (OR: 2.13, 95%CI 1.01–4.47) was greater in those who had been diagnosed with HIV for more than 20 years. In summary, psychiatric disorders and severe hematological alterations, such as anemia and neutropenia, are significant comorbidities that may limit dental treatment of HIV-positive patients. These findings underscore the need for integrated medical and dental care to address the complex health needs of PLWHIV.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-83242025000101552&lng=en&tlng=enHIVHIV Long-Term SurvivorsAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
spellingShingle Maria Fernanda BARTHOLO
Jefferson Rocha TENÓRIO
Natália Silva ANDRADE
Cristiane Barbosa SILVEIRA
Karem López ORTEGA
Fabiana MARTINS
Marina GALLOTTINI
Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care
Brazilian Oral Research
HIV
HIV Long-Term Survivors
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
title Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care
title_full Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care
title_fullStr Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care
title_full_unstemmed Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care
title_short Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care
title_sort comorbidities in people living with hiv aids and their impact on outpatient dental care
topic HIV
HIV Long-Term Survivors
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-83242025000101552&lng=en&tlng=en
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