Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapes
Abstract Many wildlife species vary habitat selection across space, time, and behavior to maximize rewards and minimize risk. Multi‐scale research approaches that identify variation in wildlife habitat selection can highlight not only habitat preferences and risk tolerance but also movement strategi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-08-01
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| Series: | Ecosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4977 |
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| _version_ | 1849331417644793856 |
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| author | Amy Van Scoyoc Kendall L. Calhoun Justin S. Brashares |
| author_facet | Amy Van Scoyoc Kendall L. Calhoun Justin S. Brashares |
| author_sort | Amy Van Scoyoc |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Many wildlife species vary habitat selection across space, time, and behavior to maximize rewards and minimize risk. Multi‐scale research approaches that identify variation in wildlife habitat selection can highlight not only habitat preferences and risk tolerance but also movement strategies that afford coexistence or cause conflict with humans. Here, we examined how anthropogenic and natural features influenced coyote (Canis latrans) habitat selection in a mixed‐use, agricultural landscape in Mendocino County, California, USA. We used resource selection functions and hidden Markov models to test whether coyote selection for anthropogenic and natural features varied by time of day or by behavioral state (resting, foraging, and traveling). We found that coyotes avoided development, but, contrary to our expectations, coyotes selected for roads, agriculture, and areas with risk of human encounter and rifle use regardless of diel period or behavioral state. While traveling, coyotes increased selection for roads and avoided ruggedness, indicating that unpaved roads may enhance connectivity for coyotes in mixed‐use landscapes. Finally, we found that coyotes selected for mountain lion habitat when resting and at night, signifying that risk from natural predators was not a factor in habitat selection at coarse scales. Coyote habitat selection for places and times associated with human activity, without variation across scales, signals a potential for conflict if coyotes are perceived by people as a nuisance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d0a679a6dee249f4a49f7ea64a63ddba |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2150-8925 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecosphere |
| spelling | doaj-art-d0a679a6dee249f4a49f7ea64a63ddba2025-08-20T03:46:37ZengWileyEcosphere2150-89252024-08-01158n/an/a10.1002/ecs2.4977Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapesAmy Van Scoyoc0Kendall L. Calhoun1Justin S. Brashares2Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California ‐ Berkeley Berkeley California USADepartment of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California ‐ Berkeley Berkeley California USADepartment of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California ‐ Berkeley Berkeley California USAAbstract Many wildlife species vary habitat selection across space, time, and behavior to maximize rewards and minimize risk. Multi‐scale research approaches that identify variation in wildlife habitat selection can highlight not only habitat preferences and risk tolerance but also movement strategies that afford coexistence or cause conflict with humans. Here, we examined how anthropogenic and natural features influenced coyote (Canis latrans) habitat selection in a mixed‐use, agricultural landscape in Mendocino County, California, USA. We used resource selection functions and hidden Markov models to test whether coyote selection for anthropogenic and natural features varied by time of day or by behavioral state (resting, foraging, and traveling). We found that coyotes avoided development, but, contrary to our expectations, coyotes selected for roads, agriculture, and areas with risk of human encounter and rifle use regardless of diel period or behavioral state. While traveling, coyotes increased selection for roads and avoided ruggedness, indicating that unpaved roads may enhance connectivity for coyotes in mixed‐use landscapes. Finally, we found that coyotes selected for mountain lion habitat when resting and at night, signifying that risk from natural predators was not a factor in habitat selection at coarse scales. Coyote habitat selection for places and times associated with human activity, without variation across scales, signals a potential for conflict if coyotes are perceived by people as a nuisance.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4977behavioral partitioningCanis latranshabitat selectionhidden Markov modelhumansreward |
| spellingShingle | Amy Van Scoyoc Kendall L. Calhoun Justin S. Brashares Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapes Ecosphere behavioral partitioning Canis latrans habitat selection hidden Markov model humans reward |
| title | Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapes |
| title_full | Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapes |
| title_fullStr | Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapes |
| title_short | Using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk–reward strategies of coyotes (Canis latrans) in mixed‐use landscapes |
| title_sort | using multiple scales of movement to highlight risk reward strategies of coyotes canis latrans in mixed use landscapes |
| topic | behavioral partitioning Canis latrans habitat selection hidden Markov model humans reward |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4977 |
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