The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil
The Environmental Agency of Sao Paulo has a large dataset of carbon monoxide measurements: 20 years of records in 18 automatic stations inside the metropolitan area. However, a thorough investigation on the time evolution of CO concentration tendency and cycles also considering spatial variability i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Meteorology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8570581 |
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| author | Flavia Noronha Dutra Ribeiro Delhi Teresa Paiva Salinas Jacyra Soares Amauri Pereira de Oliveira Regina Maura de Miranda Luana Antunes Tolentino Souza |
| author_facet | Flavia Noronha Dutra Ribeiro Delhi Teresa Paiva Salinas Jacyra Soares Amauri Pereira de Oliveira Regina Maura de Miranda Luana Antunes Tolentino Souza |
| author_sort | Flavia Noronha Dutra Ribeiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Environmental Agency of Sao Paulo has a large dataset of carbon monoxide measurements: 20 years of records in 18 automatic stations inside the metropolitan area. However, a thorough investigation on the time evolution of CO concentration tendency and cycles also considering spatial variability is lacking. The investigation consists of a trend line analysis, a periodogram analysis, a correlation between CO concentration and meteorological variables, and spatial distribution of CO concentration. Local and federal policies helped in decreasing CO concentrations and the highest decreasing rate was 0.7% per month. This tendency is lately stabilizing, since the vehicles fleet is increasing. CO most relevant cycles are annual and diurnal and a few series indicate a weekly cycle. Diurnal cycle shows two peaks, morning and evening rush hours, 1.2 and 1.1 ppm, respectively, in 2012. However, lately there is an extended evening peak (20 h to 23 h), related to changes in emission patterns. The spatial analysis showed that CO concentration has high spatial variability and is influenced by proximity to heavy traffic and vegetated areas. The present work indicates that several processes affect CO concentration and these results form a valuable basis for other studies involving air quality modeling, mitigation, and urban planning. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d078eeecc74d467b8f5915b99aa844ec |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-9309 1687-9317 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Meteorology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d078eeecc74d467b8f5915b99aa844ec2025-08-20T02:20:02ZengWileyAdvances in Meteorology1687-93091687-93172016-01-01201610.1155/2016/85705818570581The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, BrazilFlavia Noronha Dutra Ribeiro0Delhi Teresa Paiva Salinas1Jacyra Soares2Amauri Pereira de Oliveira3Regina Maura de Miranda4Luana Antunes Tolentino Souza5School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), Av. Arlindo Béttio 1000, Ermelino Matarazzo, 03828-000 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilSchool of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), Av. Arlindo Béttio 1000, Ermelino Matarazzo, 03828-000 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilInstitute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences of the University of Sao Paulo (IAG-USP), Rua do Matão 1226, Cidade Universitária, 05508-090 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilInstitute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences of the University of Sao Paulo (IAG-USP), Rua do Matão 1226, Cidade Universitária, 05508-090 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilSchool of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), Av. Arlindo Béttio 1000, Ermelino Matarazzo, 03828-000 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilSchool of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), Av. Arlindo Béttio 1000, Ermelino Matarazzo, 03828-000 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilThe Environmental Agency of Sao Paulo has a large dataset of carbon monoxide measurements: 20 years of records in 18 automatic stations inside the metropolitan area. However, a thorough investigation on the time evolution of CO concentration tendency and cycles also considering spatial variability is lacking. The investigation consists of a trend line analysis, a periodogram analysis, a correlation between CO concentration and meteorological variables, and spatial distribution of CO concentration. Local and federal policies helped in decreasing CO concentrations and the highest decreasing rate was 0.7% per month. This tendency is lately stabilizing, since the vehicles fleet is increasing. CO most relevant cycles are annual and diurnal and a few series indicate a weekly cycle. Diurnal cycle shows two peaks, morning and evening rush hours, 1.2 and 1.1 ppm, respectively, in 2012. However, lately there is an extended evening peak (20 h to 23 h), related to changes in emission patterns. The spatial analysis showed that CO concentration has high spatial variability and is influenced by proximity to heavy traffic and vegetated areas. The present work indicates that several processes affect CO concentration and these results form a valuable basis for other studies involving air quality modeling, mitigation, and urban planning.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8570581 |
| spellingShingle | Flavia Noronha Dutra Ribeiro Delhi Teresa Paiva Salinas Jacyra Soares Amauri Pereira de Oliveira Regina Maura de Miranda Luana Antunes Tolentino Souza The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil Advances in Meteorology |
| title | The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil |
| title_full | The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil |
| title_short | The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil |
| title_sort | evolution of temporal and spatial patterns of carbon monoxide concentrations in the metropolitan area of sao paulo brazil |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8570581 |
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