Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO Films

W-doped ZnO (WZO) films were deposited on glass substrates by using RF magnetron sputtering at different substrate bias voltages, and the relationships between microstructure and optical and electrical properties were investigated. The results revealed that the deposition rate of WZO films first dec...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Haijuan Mei, Wanli Wang, Junfeng Zhao, Weilong Zhong, Muyi Qiu, Jiayang Xu, Kailin Gao, Ge Liu, Jianchu Liang, Weiping Gong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/24/2050
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850102701582450688
author Haijuan Mei
Wanli Wang
Junfeng Zhao
Weilong Zhong
Muyi Qiu
Jiayang Xu
Kailin Gao
Ge Liu
Jianchu Liang
Weiping Gong
author_facet Haijuan Mei
Wanli Wang
Junfeng Zhao
Weilong Zhong
Muyi Qiu
Jiayang Xu
Kailin Gao
Ge Liu
Jianchu Liang
Weiping Gong
author_sort Haijuan Mei
collection DOAJ
description W-doped ZnO (WZO) films were deposited on glass substrates by using RF magnetron sputtering at different substrate bias voltages, and the relationships between microstructure and optical and electrical properties were investigated. The results revealed that the deposition rate of WZO films first decreased from 8.8 to 7.1 nm/min, and then increased to 11.5 nm/min with the increase in bias voltage. After applying a bias voltage to the substrate, the bombardment effect of sputtered ions was enhanced, and the films transformed from a smooth surface into a compact and rough surface. All the films exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a strong (002) preferred orientation and grew along the c-axis direction. When the bias voltage increased, both the residual stress and lattice parameter of the films gradually increased, and the maximum grain size of 43.4 nm was achieved at −100 V. When the bias voltage was below −300 V, all the films exhibited a high average transmittance of ~90% in the visible light region. As the bias voltage increased, the sheet resistance and resistivity of the films initially decreased and then gradually increased. The highest <i>F<sub>OM</sub></i> of 5.8 × 10<sup>−4</sup> Ω<sup>−1</sup> was achieved at −100 V, possessing the best comprehensive photoelectric properties.
format Article
id doaj-art-d05e08866ec24c358b649d9256b33387
institution DOAJ
issn 2079-4991
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Nanomaterials
spelling doaj-art-d05e08866ec24c358b649d9256b333872025-08-20T02:39:41ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912024-12-011424205010.3390/nano14242050Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO FilmsHaijuan Mei0Wanli Wang1Junfeng Zhao2Weilong Zhong3Muyi Qiu4Jiayang Xu5Kailin Gao6Ge Liu7Jianchu Liang8Weiping Gong9Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330100, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, ChinaW-doped ZnO (WZO) films were deposited on glass substrates by using RF magnetron sputtering at different substrate bias voltages, and the relationships between microstructure and optical and electrical properties were investigated. The results revealed that the deposition rate of WZO films first decreased from 8.8 to 7.1 nm/min, and then increased to 11.5 nm/min with the increase in bias voltage. After applying a bias voltage to the substrate, the bombardment effect of sputtered ions was enhanced, and the films transformed from a smooth surface into a compact and rough surface. All the films exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a strong (002) preferred orientation and grew along the c-axis direction. When the bias voltage increased, both the residual stress and lattice parameter of the films gradually increased, and the maximum grain size of 43.4 nm was achieved at −100 V. When the bias voltage was below −300 V, all the films exhibited a high average transmittance of ~90% in the visible light region. As the bias voltage increased, the sheet resistance and resistivity of the films initially decreased and then gradually increased. The highest <i>F<sub>OM</sub></i> of 5.8 × 10<sup>−4</sup> Ω<sup>−1</sup> was achieved at −100 V, possessing the best comprehensive photoelectric properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/24/2050WZObias voltagemicrostructurephotoelectric properties
spellingShingle Haijuan Mei
Wanli Wang
Junfeng Zhao
Weilong Zhong
Muyi Qiu
Jiayang Xu
Kailin Gao
Ge Liu
Jianchu Liang
Weiping Gong
Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO Films
Nanomaterials
WZO
bias voltage
microstructure
photoelectric properties
title Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO Films
title_full Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO Films
title_fullStr Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO Films
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO Films
title_short Effect of Bias Voltage on the Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties of W-Doped ZnO Films
title_sort effect of bias voltage on the microstructure and photoelectric properties of w doped zno films
topic WZO
bias voltage
microstructure
photoelectric properties
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/24/2050
work_keys_str_mv AT haijuanmei effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT wanliwang effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT junfengzhao effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT weilongzhong effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT muyiqiu effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT jiayangxu effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT kailingao effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT geliu effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT jianchuliang effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms
AT weipinggong effectofbiasvoltageonthemicrostructureandphotoelectricpropertiesofwdopedznofilms