Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection
Nonspecific adsorption (NSA) impacts the performance of biosensors in complex samples. Coupled electrochemical–surface plasmon resonance biosensors (EC-SPR) offer interesting opportunities to evaluate NSA. This review details the main solutions to minimize fouling in electrochemical (EC), surface pl...
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2025-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/3/92 |
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| author | Alina Vasilescu Szilveszter Gáspár Mihaela Gheorghiu Cristina Polonschii Roberta Maria Banciu Sorin David Eugen Gheorghiu Jean-Louis Marty |
| author_facet | Alina Vasilescu Szilveszter Gáspár Mihaela Gheorghiu Cristina Polonschii Roberta Maria Banciu Sorin David Eugen Gheorghiu Jean-Louis Marty |
| author_sort | Alina Vasilescu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nonspecific adsorption (NSA) impacts the performance of biosensors in complex samples. Coupled electrochemical–surface plasmon resonance biosensors (EC-SPR) offer interesting opportunities to evaluate NSA. This review details the main solutions to minimize fouling in electrochemical (EC), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and EC-SPR biosensors. The discussion was centered on blood, serum and milk as examples of complex matrices. Emphasis was placed on antifouling coatings, NSA evaluation protocols and universal functionalization strategies to obtain antifouling biosensors. In the last 5 years, various antifouling coatings were developed for EC biosensors, including new peptides, cross-linked protein films and hybrid materials. Due to the comparatively much more scarce literature, for SPR and EC-SPR biosensors the discussion was extended to the early 2010s. The analysis revealed a wide range of antifouling materials with tunable conductivity, thickness and functional groups that can be tested in the future with EC-SPR. The high-throughput screening of new materials, molecular simulations and machine learning-assisted evaluations will even further widen the range of antifouling materials available for biosensors. The minimization of NSA’s impact on the analytical signal is moreover facilitated by unique sensing mechanisms associated with the bioreceptor or the particularities of the detection method. It is hoped that this review will encourage research in the field of EC-SPR biosensors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d04f8fa87aa845d78d7aa4b882222938 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-d04f8fa87aa845d78d7aa4b8822229382025-08-20T02:11:09ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402025-03-011339210.3390/chemosensors13030092Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance DetectionAlina Vasilescu0Szilveszter Gáspár1Mihaela Gheorghiu2Cristina Polonschii3Roberta Maria Banciu4Sorin David5Eugen Gheorghiu6Jean-Louis Marty7International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaInternational Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaInternational Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaInternational Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaInternational Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaInternational Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaInternational Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaInternational Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, RomaniaNonspecific adsorption (NSA) impacts the performance of biosensors in complex samples. Coupled electrochemical–surface plasmon resonance biosensors (EC-SPR) offer interesting opportunities to evaluate NSA. This review details the main solutions to minimize fouling in electrochemical (EC), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and EC-SPR biosensors. The discussion was centered on blood, serum and milk as examples of complex matrices. Emphasis was placed on antifouling coatings, NSA evaluation protocols and universal functionalization strategies to obtain antifouling biosensors. In the last 5 years, various antifouling coatings were developed for EC biosensors, including new peptides, cross-linked protein films and hybrid materials. Due to the comparatively much more scarce literature, for SPR and EC-SPR biosensors the discussion was extended to the early 2010s. The analysis revealed a wide range of antifouling materials with tunable conductivity, thickness and functional groups that can be tested in the future with EC-SPR. The high-throughput screening of new materials, molecular simulations and machine learning-assisted evaluations will even further widen the range of antifouling materials available for biosensors. The minimization of NSA’s impact on the analytical signal is moreover facilitated by unique sensing mechanisms associated with the bioreceptor or the particularities of the detection method. It is hoped that this review will encourage research in the field of EC-SPR biosensors.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/3/92non-specific adsorptionelectrochemical–surface plasmon resonancebiosensorsantifouling coatings |
| spellingShingle | Alina Vasilescu Szilveszter Gáspár Mihaela Gheorghiu Cristina Polonschii Roberta Maria Banciu Sorin David Eugen Gheorghiu Jean-Louis Marty Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection Chemosensors non-specific adsorption electrochemical–surface plasmon resonance biosensors antifouling coatings |
| title | Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection |
| title_full | Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection |
| title_fullStr | Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection |
| title_short | Promising Solutions to Address the Non-Specific Adsorption in Biosensors Based on Coupled Electrochemical-Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection |
| title_sort | promising solutions to address the non specific adsorption in biosensors based on coupled electrochemical surface plasmon resonance detection |
| topic | non-specific adsorption electrochemical–surface plasmon resonance biosensors antifouling coatings |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/3/92 |
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