Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai
<i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai (<i>C. speciosa</i>) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that possesses not only abundant nutritional value but also significant medicinal properties. The extracts of <i>C. speciosa</i> fruits effectively reduce urate...
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2024-09-01
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| author | Kui Li Ruoling Xu Mengting Kuang Wei Ma Ning Li |
| author_facet | Kui Li Ruoling Xu Mengting Kuang Wei Ma Ning Li |
| author_sort | Kui Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai (<i>C. speciosa</i>) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that possesses not only abundant nutritional value but also significant medicinal properties. The extracts of <i>C. speciosa</i> fruits effectively reduce urate levels, but the specific chemical constituents responsible for this effect in <i>C. speciosa</i> fruits are still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and analyze the structure–activity relationships of these constituents to better understand their ability to lower uric acid. Activity-guided fractionation and purification processes were used to isolate compounds with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity from <i>C. speciosa</i> fruits, resulting in three extracts: petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and <i>n</i>-butanol. The ethyl acetate and <i>n</i>-butanol fractions showed strong activity and underwent further separation and purification using chromatographic techniques. Twenty-four compounds were isolated and identified, with nine showing potent activity, including chlorogenic acid, methyl chlorogenate, butyl chlorogenate, ethyl chlorogenate, cryptochlorogenic acid methyl ester, caffeic acid, <i>p</i>-coumaric acid, benzoic acid and protocatechuic acid. The docking analysis showed that these compounds interacted with amino acid residues in the active site of XO through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. These findings suggest that these compounds help reduce uric acid in <i>C. speciosa</i>, supporting further investigation into their mechanism of action. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-cff3e820df944e018fed2eeb6ce338392025-08-20T01:55:42ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-09-012918446810.3390/molecules29184468Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) NakaiKui Li0Ruoling Xu1Mengting Kuang2Wei Ma3Ning Li4Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaAnhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaAnhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaAnhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaAnhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China<i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai (<i>C. speciosa</i>) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that possesses not only abundant nutritional value but also significant medicinal properties. The extracts of <i>C. speciosa</i> fruits effectively reduce urate levels, but the specific chemical constituents responsible for this effect in <i>C. speciosa</i> fruits are still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and analyze the structure–activity relationships of these constituents to better understand their ability to lower uric acid. Activity-guided fractionation and purification processes were used to isolate compounds with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity from <i>C. speciosa</i> fruits, resulting in three extracts: petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and <i>n</i>-butanol. The ethyl acetate and <i>n</i>-butanol fractions showed strong activity and underwent further separation and purification using chromatographic techniques. Twenty-four compounds were isolated and identified, with nine showing potent activity, including chlorogenic acid, methyl chlorogenate, butyl chlorogenate, ethyl chlorogenate, cryptochlorogenic acid methyl ester, caffeic acid, <i>p</i>-coumaric acid, benzoic acid and protocatechuic acid. The docking analysis showed that these compounds interacted with amino acid residues in the active site of XO through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. These findings suggest that these compounds help reduce uric acid in <i>C. speciosa</i>, supporting further investigation into their mechanism of action.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/18/4468<i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai fruitschemical compositionxanthine oxidaseuric acidbioassay-guidedmolecular docking |
| spellingShingle | Kui Li Ruoling Xu Mengting Kuang Wei Ma Ning Li Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai Molecules <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai fruits chemical composition xanthine oxidase uric acid bioassay-guided molecular docking |
| title | Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai |
| title_full | Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai |
| title_fullStr | Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai |
| title_short | Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Fruits of <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai |
| title_sort | bioassay guided isolation and identification of xanthine oxidase inhibitory constituents from the fruits of i chaenomeles speciosa i sweet nakai |
| topic | <i>Chaenomeles speciosa</i> (Sweet) Nakai fruits chemical composition xanthine oxidase uric acid bioassay-guided molecular docking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/18/4468 |
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