Reliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning
Abstract Numerical optimization is ubiquitous in contemporary microwave passive component design. Reliable quantification of electromagnetic (EM) cross-coupling, substrate losses, or environmental effects (e.g., connectors, housing) is impossible using analytical or equivalent network models. Conseq...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13107-y |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849332994330853376 |
|---|---|
| author | Slawomir Koziel Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska |
| author_facet | Slawomir Koziel Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska |
| author_sort | Slawomir Koziel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Numerical optimization is ubiquitous in contemporary microwave passive component design. Reliable quantification of electromagnetic (EM) cross-coupling, substrate losses, or environmental effects (e.g., connectors, housing) is impossible using analytical or equivalent network models. Consequently, the designs rendered using such tools must be further tuned at the EM simulation level. Although local algorithms are predominantly employed for this purpose, they are likely to fail if the starting point is of insufficient quality. On the other hand, global search techniques are associated with tremendous computational expenses. This study suggests an innovative technique for immunizing local algorithms against poor starting points, enabling their quasi-global search capability. The presented methodology reformulates the underlying optimization task by evaluating the circuit performance concerning the target operating bands scanned within the predefined ranges and by adding penalty factors proportional to the distance between the original and the scanned targets. The penalized objective is computed as the minimum of the above combination over the entire scanning range. As a result, the design specifications become attainable through local optimization over considerably broader frequency spectra at the expense of only a slight increase in the algorithm running costs. The presented approach is comprehensively verified using several microstrip components and the sensitivity-based routine as the search algorithm. The results unanimously showcase the ability of the procedure to allocate the optimum even under troublesome scenarios (poor initial points), which are unmanageable by conventional algorithms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cfea8afa997343c8af97a610f54c5b17 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-cfea8afa997343c8af97a610f54c5b172025-08-20T03:46:01ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-13107-yReliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanningSlawomir Koziel0Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska1Engineering Optimization & Modeling Center, Reykjavik UniversityFaculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of TechnologyAbstract Numerical optimization is ubiquitous in contemporary microwave passive component design. Reliable quantification of electromagnetic (EM) cross-coupling, substrate losses, or environmental effects (e.g., connectors, housing) is impossible using analytical or equivalent network models. Consequently, the designs rendered using such tools must be further tuned at the EM simulation level. Although local algorithms are predominantly employed for this purpose, they are likely to fail if the starting point is of insufficient quality. On the other hand, global search techniques are associated with tremendous computational expenses. This study suggests an innovative technique for immunizing local algorithms against poor starting points, enabling their quasi-global search capability. The presented methodology reformulates the underlying optimization task by evaluating the circuit performance concerning the target operating bands scanned within the predefined ranges and by adding penalty factors proportional to the distance between the original and the scanned targets. The penalized objective is computed as the minimum of the above combination over the entire scanning range. As a result, the design specifications become attainable through local optimization over considerably broader frequency spectra at the expense of only a slight increase in the algorithm running costs. The presented approach is comprehensively verified using several microstrip components and the sensitivity-based routine as the search algorithm. The results unanimously showcase the ability of the procedure to allocate the optimum even under troublesome scenarios (poor initial points), which are unmanageable by conventional algorithms.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13107-yMicrowave circuitsDesign automationEM-based optimizationTarget band scanningRegularization |
| spellingShingle | Slawomir Koziel Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska Reliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning Scientific Reports Microwave circuits Design automation EM-based optimization Target band scanning Regularization |
| title | Reliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning |
| title_full | Reliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning |
| title_fullStr | Reliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning |
| title_short | Reliability enhancement of EM-based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning |
| title_sort | reliability enhancement of em based tuning of microwave components using regularized operating band scanning |
| topic | Microwave circuits Design automation EM-based optimization Target band scanning Regularization |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13107-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT slawomirkoziel reliabilityenhancementofembasedtuningofmicrowavecomponentsusingregularizedoperatingbandscanning AT annapietrenkodabrowska reliabilityenhancementofembasedtuningofmicrowavecomponentsusingregularizedoperatingbandscanning |