Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor

BackgroundHigh expression levels of programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been observed in thymic epithelial tumors (TET), suggesting their potential as prognostic indicators for disease progression and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in TET. The conventional method obt...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jie Shen, Lantian Zhang, Shuke Li, Xiaofei Mu, Tongfu Yu, Wei Zhang, Yue Yu, Jing He, Wen Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1555530/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850211237890097152
author Jie Shen
Lantian Zhang
Shuke Li
Xiaofei Mu
Tongfu Yu
Wei Zhang
Yue Yu
Jing He
Wen Gao
author_facet Jie Shen
Lantian Zhang
Shuke Li
Xiaofei Mu
Tongfu Yu
Wei Zhang
Yue Yu
Jing He
Wen Gao
author_sort Jie Shen
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundHigh expression levels of programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been observed in thymic epithelial tumors (TET), suggesting their potential as prognostic indicators for disease progression and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in TET. The conventional method obtaining PD-L1 was challenging due to invasive sampling and tumor heterogeneityMethodsA total of 124 patients with pathologically confirmed TET (57 PD-L1 positive, 67 PD-L1 negative) were retrospectively enrolled and allocated into training and validation cohorts in a ratio of 7:3. Radiomics features were extracted from T1-weighted, T2-weighted fat suppression, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map images to establish a radiomics signature in the training cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to develop a combined radiomics nomogram that incorporated clinical, conventional MR features, or ADC model for evaluation purposes. The performance of each model was compared using receiver operating characteristics analysis, while discrimination, calibration, and clinical efficiency of the combined radiomics nomogram were assessed.ResultsThe radiomics signature, consisting of four features, demonstrated a favorable ability to predict and differentiate between PD-L1 positive and negative TET patients. The combined radiomics nomogram, which incorporates the peri-cardial invasion sign, ADC value, WHO classification, and radiomics signature, showed excellent performance (training cohort: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.903; validation cohorts: AUC = 0.894). The calibration curve and decision curve analysis further confirmed the clinical usefulness of this combined model. The decision curve analysis demonstrated the clinical utility of the integrated radiomics nomogram.ConclusionsThe radiomics signature serves as a valuable tool for predicting the PD-L1 status of TET patients. Furthermore, the integration of radiomics nomogram enhances the personalized prediction capability.
format Article
id doaj-art-cfcca8fa8a4c42488a72cc763fb4e5e4
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-3224
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Immunology
spelling doaj-art-cfcca8fa8a4c42488a72cc763fb4e5e42025-08-20T02:09:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-04-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15555301555530Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumorJie Shen0Lantian Zhang1Shuke Li2Xiaofei Mu3Tongfu Yu4Wei Zhang5Yue Yu6Jing He7Wen Gao8Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaBackgroundHigh expression levels of programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been observed in thymic epithelial tumors (TET), suggesting their potential as prognostic indicators for disease progression and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in TET. The conventional method obtaining PD-L1 was challenging due to invasive sampling and tumor heterogeneityMethodsA total of 124 patients with pathologically confirmed TET (57 PD-L1 positive, 67 PD-L1 negative) were retrospectively enrolled and allocated into training and validation cohorts in a ratio of 7:3. Radiomics features were extracted from T1-weighted, T2-weighted fat suppression, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map images to establish a radiomics signature in the training cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to develop a combined radiomics nomogram that incorporated clinical, conventional MR features, or ADC model for evaluation purposes. The performance of each model was compared using receiver operating characteristics analysis, while discrimination, calibration, and clinical efficiency of the combined radiomics nomogram were assessed.ResultsThe radiomics signature, consisting of four features, demonstrated a favorable ability to predict and differentiate between PD-L1 positive and negative TET patients. The combined radiomics nomogram, which incorporates the peri-cardial invasion sign, ADC value, WHO classification, and radiomics signature, showed excellent performance (training cohort: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.903; validation cohorts: AUC = 0.894). The calibration curve and decision curve analysis further confirmed the clinical usefulness of this combined model. The decision curve analysis demonstrated the clinical utility of the integrated radiomics nomogram.ConclusionsThe radiomics signature serves as a valuable tool for predicting the PD-L1 status of TET patients. Furthermore, the integration of radiomics nomogram enhances the personalized prediction capability.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1555530/fullMRIthymic epitelial tumorsradiomicsPD-L1immunotharapy
spellingShingle Jie Shen
Lantian Zhang
Shuke Li
Xiaofei Mu
Tongfu Yu
Wei Zhang
Yue Yu
Jing He
Wen Gao
Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor
Frontiers in Immunology
MRI
thymic epitelial tumors
radiomics
PD-L1
immunotharapy
title Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor
title_full Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor
title_fullStr Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor
title_full_unstemmed Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor
title_short Multi-sequence MRI based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor
title_sort multi sequence mri based radiomics nomogram for prediction expression of programmed death ligand 1 in thymic epithelial tumor
topic MRI
thymic epitelial tumors
radiomics
PD-L1
immunotharapy
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1555530/full
work_keys_str_mv AT jieshen multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT lantianzhang multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT shukeli multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT xiaofeimu multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT tongfuyu multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT weizhang multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT yueyu multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT jinghe multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor
AT wengao multisequencemribasedradiomicsnomogramforpredictionexpressionofprogrammeddeathligand1inthymicepithelialtumor