HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> Stress
Plants frequently encounter relatively low and fluctuating potassium (K<sup>+</sup>) concentrations in soil, with roots serving as primary responders to this stress. Histone modifications, such as de-/acetylation, can function as epigenetic markers of stress-inducible genes. However, the...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Xiaofang Kuang Hao Chen Jing Xiang Juan Zeng Qing Liu Yi Su Chao Huang Ruozhong Wang Wanhuang Lin Zhigang Huang |
| author_facet | Xiaofang Kuang Hao Chen Jing Xiang Juan Zeng Qing Liu Yi Su Chao Huang Ruozhong Wang Wanhuang Lin Zhigang Huang |
| author_sort | Xiaofang Kuang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants frequently encounter relatively low and fluctuating potassium (K<sup>+</sup>) concentrations in soil, with roots serving as primary responders to this stress. Histone modifications, such as de-/acetylation, can function as epigenetic markers of stress-inducible genes. However, the signaling network between histone modifications and low-K<sup>+</sup> (LK) response pathways remains unclear. This study investigated the regulatory role of Histone Deacetylase Complex 1 (HDC1) in primary root growth of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> under K<sup>+</sup> deficiency stress. Using a <i>hdc1-2</i> mutant line, we observed that HDC1 positively regulated root growth under LK conditions. Compared to wild-type (WT) plants, the <i>hdc1-2</i> mutant exhibited significantly inhibited primary root growth under LK conditions, whereas HDC1-overexpression lines displayed opposite phenotypes. No significant differences were observed under HK conditions. Further analysis revealed that the inhibition of <i>hdc1-2</i> on root growth was due to reduced apical meristem cell proliferation rather than cell elongation. Notably, the root growth of <i>hdc1-2</i> showed reduced sensitivity compared to WT after auxin treatment under LK conditions. HDC1 may regulate root growth by affecting auxin polar transport and subsequent auxin signaling, as evidenced by the altered expression of auxin transport genes. Moreover, the organ-specific RT-qPCR analyses unraveled that HDC1 negatively regulates the expression of CBL-CIPK-K<sup>+</sup> channel-related genes such as <i>CBL1, CBL2</i>, <i>CBL3</i>, <i>AKT1,</i> and <i>TPK1</i>, thereby establishing a molecular link between histone deacetylation, auxin signaling, and CBLs-CIPKs pathway in response to K<sup>+</sup> deficiency. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cfa42451aca14464b359bd2906a02950 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-cfa42451aca14464b359bd2906a029502025-01-24T13:23:27ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372025-01-011415710.3390/biology14010057HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> StressXiaofang Kuang0Hao Chen1Jing Xiang2Juan Zeng3Qing Liu4Yi Su5Chao Huang6Ruozhong Wang7Wanhuang Lin8Zhigang Huang9Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaPlants frequently encounter relatively low and fluctuating potassium (K<sup>+</sup>) concentrations in soil, with roots serving as primary responders to this stress. Histone modifications, such as de-/acetylation, can function as epigenetic markers of stress-inducible genes. However, the signaling network between histone modifications and low-K<sup>+</sup> (LK) response pathways remains unclear. This study investigated the regulatory role of Histone Deacetylase Complex 1 (HDC1) in primary root growth of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> under K<sup>+</sup> deficiency stress. Using a <i>hdc1-2</i> mutant line, we observed that HDC1 positively regulated root growth under LK conditions. Compared to wild-type (WT) plants, the <i>hdc1-2</i> mutant exhibited significantly inhibited primary root growth under LK conditions, whereas HDC1-overexpression lines displayed opposite phenotypes. No significant differences were observed under HK conditions. Further analysis revealed that the inhibition of <i>hdc1-2</i> on root growth was due to reduced apical meristem cell proliferation rather than cell elongation. Notably, the root growth of <i>hdc1-2</i> showed reduced sensitivity compared to WT after auxin treatment under LK conditions. HDC1 may regulate root growth by affecting auxin polar transport and subsequent auxin signaling, as evidenced by the altered expression of auxin transport genes. Moreover, the organ-specific RT-qPCR analyses unraveled that HDC1 negatively regulates the expression of CBL-CIPK-K<sup>+</sup> channel-related genes such as <i>CBL1, CBL2</i>, <i>CBL3</i>, <i>AKT1,</i> and <i>TPK1</i>, thereby establishing a molecular link between histone deacetylation, auxin signaling, and CBLs-CIPKs pathway in response to K<sup>+</sup> deficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/14/1/57auxin transportHDC1low-K<sup>+</sup> stressroot growth |
| spellingShingle | Xiaofang Kuang Hao Chen Jing Xiang Juan Zeng Qing Liu Yi Su Chao Huang Ruozhong Wang Wanhuang Lin Zhigang Huang HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> Stress Biology auxin transport HDC1 low-K<sup>+</sup> stress root growth |
| title | HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> Stress |
| title_full | HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> Stress |
| title_fullStr | HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> Stress |
| title_short | HDC1 Promotes Primary Root Elongation by Regulating Auxin and K<sup>+</sup> Homeostasis in Response to Low-K<sup>+</sup> Stress |
| title_sort | hdc1 promotes primary root elongation by regulating auxin and k sup sup homeostasis in response to low k sup sup stress |
| topic | auxin transport HDC1 low-K<sup>+</sup> stress root growth |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/14/1/57 |
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