SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemic

Background Spread of SARS-CoV2 by aerosol is considered an important mode of transmission over distances >2 m, particularly indoors.Objectives We determined whether SARS-CoV2 could be detected in the air of enclosed/semi-enclosed public spaces.Methods and analysis Between March 2021 and Decem...

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Main Authors: Prashant Kumar, Kian Fan Chung, Ian Adcock, Pankaj K Bhavsar, Hisham Abubakar-Waziri, Gopinath Kalaiarasan, Rebecca Wawman, Faye Hobbs, Claire Dilliway, Fangxin Fang, Christopher Pain, Alexandra Porter, Emma Ransome, Vincent Savolainen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2023-07-01
Series:BMJ Open Respiratory Research
Online Access:https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/10/1/e001574.full
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author Prashant Kumar
Kian Fan Chung
Ian Adcock
Pankaj K Bhavsar
Hisham Abubakar-Waziri
Gopinath Kalaiarasan
Rebecca Wawman
Faye Hobbs
Claire Dilliway
Fangxin Fang
Christopher Pain
Alexandra Porter
Emma Ransome
Vincent Savolainen
author_facet Prashant Kumar
Kian Fan Chung
Ian Adcock
Pankaj K Bhavsar
Hisham Abubakar-Waziri
Gopinath Kalaiarasan
Rebecca Wawman
Faye Hobbs
Claire Dilliway
Fangxin Fang
Christopher Pain
Alexandra Porter
Emma Ransome
Vincent Savolainen
author_sort Prashant Kumar
collection DOAJ
description Background Spread of SARS-CoV2 by aerosol is considered an important mode of transmission over distances >2 m, particularly indoors.Objectives We determined whether SARS-CoV2 could be detected in the air of enclosed/semi-enclosed public spaces.Methods and analysis Between March 2021 and December 2021 during the easing of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions after a period of lockdown, we used total suspended and size-segregated particulate matter (PM) samplers for the detection of SARS-CoV2 in hospitals wards and waiting areas, on public transport, in a university campus and in a primary school in West London.Results We collected 207 samples, of which 20 (9.7%) were positive for SARS-CoV2 using quantitative PCR. Positive samples were collected from hospital patient waiting areas, from hospital wards treating patients with COVID-19 using stationary samplers and from train carriages in London underground using personal samplers. Mean virus concentrations varied between 429 500 copies/m3 in the hospital emergency waiting area and the more frequent 164 000 copies/m3 found in other areas. There were more frequent positive samples from PM samplers in the PM2.5 fractions compared with PM10 and PM1. Culture on Vero cells of all collected samples gave negative results.Conclusion During a period of partial opening during the COVID-19 pandemic in London, we detected SARS-CoV2 RNA in the air of hospital waiting areas and wards and of London Underground train carriage. More research is needed to determine the transmission potential of SARS-CoV2 detected in the air.
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spelling doaj-art-cf71de2f57af410c972ca739e7fd31f52025-08-20T02:57:56ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Respiratory Research2052-44392023-07-0110110.1136/bmjresp-2022-001574SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemicPrashant Kumar0Kian Fan Chung1Ian Adcock2Pankaj K Bhavsar3Hisham Abubakar-Waziri4Gopinath Kalaiarasan5Rebecca Wawman6Faye Hobbs7Claire Dilliway8Fangxin Fang9Christopher Pain10Alexandra Porter11Emma Ransome12Vincent Savolainen13Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Global Centre for Clean Air Research, Surrey, UKNational Heart and Lung Institute & Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Global Centre for Clean Air Research, Surrey, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKAirway Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UKBackground Spread of SARS-CoV2 by aerosol is considered an important mode of transmission over distances >2 m, particularly indoors.Objectives We determined whether SARS-CoV2 could be detected in the air of enclosed/semi-enclosed public spaces.Methods and analysis Between March 2021 and December 2021 during the easing of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions after a period of lockdown, we used total suspended and size-segregated particulate matter (PM) samplers for the detection of SARS-CoV2 in hospitals wards and waiting areas, on public transport, in a university campus and in a primary school in West London.Results We collected 207 samples, of which 20 (9.7%) were positive for SARS-CoV2 using quantitative PCR. Positive samples were collected from hospital patient waiting areas, from hospital wards treating patients with COVID-19 using stationary samplers and from train carriages in London underground using personal samplers. Mean virus concentrations varied between 429 500 copies/m3 in the hospital emergency waiting area and the more frequent 164 000 copies/m3 found in other areas. There were more frequent positive samples from PM samplers in the PM2.5 fractions compared with PM10 and PM1. Culture on Vero cells of all collected samples gave negative results.Conclusion During a period of partial opening during the COVID-19 pandemic in London, we detected SARS-CoV2 RNA in the air of hospital waiting areas and wards and of London Underground train carriage. More research is needed to determine the transmission potential of SARS-CoV2 detected in the air.https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/10/1/e001574.full
spellingShingle Prashant Kumar
Kian Fan Chung
Ian Adcock
Pankaj K Bhavsar
Hisham Abubakar-Waziri
Gopinath Kalaiarasan
Rebecca Wawman
Faye Hobbs
Claire Dilliway
Fangxin Fang
Christopher Pain
Alexandra Porter
Emma Ransome
Vincent Savolainen
SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemic
BMJ Open Respiratory Research
title SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemic
title_full SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemic
title_short SARS-CoV2 in public spaces in West London, UK during COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort sars cov2 in public spaces in west london uk during covid 19 pandemic
url https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/10/1/e001574.full
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