Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in Europe

Background and Objective: Orphan drugs have been a highlight of discussions due to their higher prices than non-orphan drugs. There is currently no European consensus on the method of value assessment for orphan drugs. This study assessed the relationship between the prevalence of rare diseases and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Goran Medic, Daria Korchagina, Katherine Eve Young, Mondher Toumi, Maarten Jacobus Postma, Micheline Wille, Michiel Hemels
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2017-01-01
Series:Journal of Market Access & Health Policy
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20016689.2017.1299665
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849471512503910400
author Goran Medic
Daria Korchagina
Katherine Eve Young
Mondher Toumi
Maarten Jacobus Postma
Micheline Wille
Michiel Hemels
author_facet Goran Medic
Daria Korchagina
Katherine Eve Young
Mondher Toumi
Maarten Jacobus Postma
Micheline Wille
Michiel Hemels
author_sort Goran Medic
collection DOAJ
description Background and Objective: Orphan drugs have been a highlight of discussions due to their higher prices than non-orphan drugs. There is currently no European consensus on the method of value assessment for orphan drugs. This study assessed the relationship between the prevalence of rare diseases and the annual treatment cost of orphan drugs in France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and UK. Methods: Approved orphan drugs and prevalence data were extracted from the European Medicines Agency website. Annual treatment costs were calculated using ex-factory price. Simple regression was used to analyse the relationship between costs and prevalence. A specific bivariate analysis was performed for the rarest diseases (≤1 per 10,000). Results: 120 drugs were analysed. Prevalence ranged from 0.001 to 5 per 10,000 (mean 1.24, median 1). Annual treatment costs per patient ranged from €755 to €1,051,956 (mean €100,000, median €39,303). Results show a statistically significant inverse correlation between annual treatment cost and disease prevalence in all countries (France: r = −0.370, p = 0.002; Germany: r = −0.365, p = 0.002; Italy: r = −0.340, p = 0.002; Spain: r = −0.316, p = 0.041; UK: r = −0.358, p = 0.0004; Sweden: r = −0.414, p = 0.014; Norway: r = −0.367, p = 0.002). When analysis was focused on the rarest diseases, a stronger correlation exists in all countries (France: r = −0.525, Germany: r = −0.482, Italy: r = −0.497, Spain: r = −0.531, UK: r = −0.436, Sweden: r = −0.455, Norway: r = −0.466; all p < 0.05 except Sweden p = 0.077). Conclusions: This study shows an inverse correlation between annual treatment cost and prevalence with high statistical significance in the studied countries. Although pricing is a complex process where different attributes are assessed, this study supports the idea that payers value rarity in pricing decisions.
format Article
id doaj-art-cf6478207aad46d4bb01173da29a73b5
institution Kabale University
issn 2001-6689
language English
publishDate 2017-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Journal of Market Access & Health Policy
spelling doaj-art-cf6478207aad46d4bb01173da29a73b52025-08-20T03:24:48ZengMDPI AGJournal of Market Access & Health Policy2001-66892017-01-015110.1080/20016689.2017.12996651299665Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in EuropeGoran Medic0Daria Korchagina1Katherine Eve Young2Mondher Toumi3Maarten Jacobus Postma4Micheline Wille5Michiel Hemels6Horizon Pharma Europe B.V., Market Access EMEAMental Health and Public Health, University Paris-Sud, Maison de SolennCreativ-CeuticalPublic Health Department, Research Unit, Aix-Marseille UniversityUniversity of GroningenHorizon Pharma Europe B.V., Market Access EMEAHorizon Pharma Europe B.V., Market Access EMEABackground and Objective: Orphan drugs have been a highlight of discussions due to their higher prices than non-orphan drugs. There is currently no European consensus on the method of value assessment for orphan drugs. This study assessed the relationship between the prevalence of rare diseases and the annual treatment cost of orphan drugs in France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and UK. Methods: Approved orphan drugs and prevalence data were extracted from the European Medicines Agency website. Annual treatment costs were calculated using ex-factory price. Simple regression was used to analyse the relationship between costs and prevalence. A specific bivariate analysis was performed for the rarest diseases (≤1 per 10,000). Results: 120 drugs were analysed. Prevalence ranged from 0.001 to 5 per 10,000 (mean 1.24, median 1). Annual treatment costs per patient ranged from €755 to €1,051,956 (mean €100,000, median €39,303). Results show a statistically significant inverse correlation between annual treatment cost and disease prevalence in all countries (France: r = −0.370, p = 0.002; Germany: r = −0.365, p = 0.002; Italy: r = −0.340, p = 0.002; Spain: r = −0.316, p = 0.041; UK: r = −0.358, p = 0.0004; Sweden: r = −0.414, p = 0.014; Norway: r = −0.367, p = 0.002). When analysis was focused on the rarest diseases, a stronger correlation exists in all countries (France: r = −0.525, Germany: r = −0.482, Italy: r = −0.497, Spain: r = −0.531, UK: r = −0.436, Sweden: r = −0.455, Norway: r = −0.466; all p < 0.05 except Sweden p = 0.077). Conclusions: This study shows an inverse correlation between annual treatment cost and prevalence with high statistical significance in the studied countries. Although pricing is a complex process where different attributes are assessed, this study supports the idea that payers value rarity in pricing decisions.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20016689.2017.1299665Rare diseasesorphan drugspricingtreatment costEurope
spellingShingle Goran Medic
Daria Korchagina
Katherine Eve Young
Mondher Toumi
Maarten Jacobus Postma
Micheline Wille
Michiel Hemels
Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in Europe
Journal of Market Access & Health Policy
Rare diseases
orphan drugs
pricing
treatment cost
Europe
title Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in Europe
title_full Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in Europe
title_fullStr Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in Europe
title_full_unstemmed Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in Europe
title_short Do payers value rarity? An analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in Europe
title_sort do payers value rarity an analysis of the relationship between disease rarity and orphan drug prices in europe
topic Rare diseases
orphan drugs
pricing
treatment cost
Europe
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20016689.2017.1299665
work_keys_str_mv AT goranmedic dopayersvaluerarityananalysisoftherelationshipbetweendiseaserarityandorphandrugpricesineurope
AT dariakorchagina dopayersvaluerarityananalysisoftherelationshipbetweendiseaserarityandorphandrugpricesineurope
AT katherineeveyoung dopayersvaluerarityananalysisoftherelationshipbetweendiseaserarityandorphandrugpricesineurope
AT mondhertoumi dopayersvaluerarityananalysisoftherelationshipbetweendiseaserarityandorphandrugpricesineurope
AT maartenjacobuspostma dopayersvaluerarityananalysisoftherelationshipbetweendiseaserarityandorphandrugpricesineurope
AT michelinewille dopayersvaluerarityananalysisoftherelationshipbetweendiseaserarityandorphandrugpricesineurope
AT michielhemels dopayersvaluerarityananalysisoftherelationshipbetweendiseaserarityandorphandrugpricesineurope