mRNA and protein expression of programmed cell death-ligand-1 on canine mammary gland tumour in dogs of Chiang Mai, Thailand

Metastasis-related disease is a major cause of death in canine mammary tumours (CMTs). Immunotherapy has been investigated due to the less successful outcomes of systemic therapy. This study aims to examine the expression of Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) in canine mammary tumours in dogs of...

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Main Authors: Wanwisa Srisawat, Pongpisid Koonyosying, Anucha Muenthaisong, Kanokwan Sangkakam, Thanya Varinrak, Amarin Rittipornlertrak, Boondarika Nambooppha, Nisachon Apinda, Nattawooti Sthitmatee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23144599.2025.2483102
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