The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders
The oral microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, is essential for maintaining both oral and systemic health. This complex ecosystem includes over 700 bacterial species, such as <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, which contributes to dental caries through acid production...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
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| author | Rita Kis-György Tamás Körtési Alexandra Anicka Gábor Nagy-Grócz |
| author_facet | Rita Kis-György Tamás Körtési Alexandra Anicka Gábor Nagy-Grócz |
| author_sort | Rita Kis-György |
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| description | The oral microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, is essential for maintaining both oral and systemic health. This complex ecosystem includes over 700 bacterial species, such as <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, which contributes to dental caries through acid production that demineralizes tooth enamel. Fungi like Candida and pathogens such as <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> are also significant, as they can lead to periodontal diseases through inflammation and destruction of tooth-supporting structures. Dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, is a key factor in the development of these oral diseases. Understanding the composition and functions of the oral microbiome is vital for creating targeted therapies for these conditions. Additionally, the kynurenine pathway, which processes the amino acid tryptophan, plays a crucial role in immune regulation, neuroprotection, and inflammation. Oral bacteria can metabolize tryptophan, influencing the production of kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and quinolinic acid, thereby affecting the kynurenine system. The balance of microbial species in the oral cavity can impact tryptophan levels and its metabolites. This narrative review aims to explore the relationship between the oral microbiome, oral diseases, and the kynurenine system in relation to certain systemic diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cf17058ea5b94752bcf65cbc9b149d49 |
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| issn | 1467-3037 1467-3045 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| series | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-cf17058ea5b94752bcf65cbc9b149d492025-08-20T02:08:03ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452024-11-014611126411265710.3390/cimb46110750The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic DisordersRita Kis-György0Tamás Körtési1Alexandra Anicka2Gábor Nagy-Grócz3Section of Health Behaviour and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesvári krt. 31., H-6726 Szeged, HungaryDepartment of Theoretical Health Sciences and Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesvári krt. 31., H-6726 Szeged, HungaryDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Út 78/A, H-1182 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Theoretical Health Sciences and Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesvári krt. 31., H-6726 Szeged, HungaryThe oral microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, is essential for maintaining both oral and systemic health. This complex ecosystem includes over 700 bacterial species, such as <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, which contributes to dental caries through acid production that demineralizes tooth enamel. Fungi like Candida and pathogens such as <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> are also significant, as they can lead to periodontal diseases through inflammation and destruction of tooth-supporting structures. Dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, is a key factor in the development of these oral diseases. Understanding the composition and functions of the oral microbiome is vital for creating targeted therapies for these conditions. Additionally, the kynurenine pathway, which processes the amino acid tryptophan, plays a crucial role in immune regulation, neuroprotection, and inflammation. Oral bacteria can metabolize tryptophan, influencing the production of kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and quinolinic acid, thereby affecting the kynurenine system. The balance of microbial species in the oral cavity can impact tryptophan levels and its metabolites. This narrative review aims to explore the relationship between the oral microbiome, oral diseases, and the kynurenine system in relation to certain systemic diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/11/750oral microbiomedsybiosisperiodontal diseasecariesoral candidiasisoral cancer |
| spellingShingle | Rita Kis-György Tamás Körtési Alexandra Anicka Gábor Nagy-Grócz The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders Current Issues in Molecular Biology oral microbiome dsybiosis periodontal disease caries oral candidiasis oral cancer |
| title | The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders |
| title_full | The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders |
| title_fullStr | The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders |
| title_short | The Connection Between the Oral Microbiota and the Kynurenine Pathway: Insights into Oral and Certain Systemic Disorders |
| title_sort | connection between the oral microbiota and the kynurenine pathway insights into oral and certain systemic disorders |
| topic | oral microbiome dsybiosis periodontal disease caries oral candidiasis oral cancer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/11/750 |
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