The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas

The stigma experienced by LGBTQIA+ youth in middle school and high school is commonly linked to poor mental health and academic success, but little is known about its potential long-term impact. It was hypothesized that stigma levels would differ based on geographical location, with rural youth expe...

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Main Authors: Erin Stevenson, Gregory R. Sandman, James McGinn
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-09-01
Series:Youth
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/4/4/87
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author Erin Stevenson
Gregory R. Sandman
James McGinn
author_facet Erin Stevenson
Gregory R. Sandman
James McGinn
author_sort Erin Stevenson
collection DOAJ
description The stigma experienced by LGBTQIA+ youth in middle school and high school is commonly linked to poor mental health and academic success, but little is known about its potential long-term impact. It was hypothesized that stigma levels would differ based on geographical location, with rural youth experiencing higher stigma levels compared to urban youth. This IRB-approved exempt research design collected anonymous survey data from college students at a mid-south public university. The sample included a total of 94 respondents, with 63 from rural areas and 31 from urban areas. Experiences of internalized, enacted, and perceived stigma were assessed with rating scales. No statistically significant differences were found between rural and urban youth, with both groups reporting high levels of internalized, enacted, and perceived stigma. Rural youth reported experiencing more discrimination or attacks at school and fewer LGBTQIA+ school resources but slightly higher family support. Urban youth were more likely to be out to family members and felt safer at school. Comparatively, more rural youth reported experiencing anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts in the past 30 days than urban youth. A moderate correlation was found between perceived and internalized stigma. This study provides insight into the pervasive nature of LGBTQIA+ stigma, regardless of geographical location.
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spelling doaj-art-cf0a45538e7f483cbef63c9f1aee2ea12025-08-20T02:56:58ZengMDPI AGYouth2673-995X2024-09-01441374138610.3390/youth4040087The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban AreasErin Stevenson0Gregory R. Sandman1James McGinn2Department of Social Work, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475, USADepartment of Clinical Therapeutic Programs, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475, USADepartment of Clinical Therapeutic Programs, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475, USAThe stigma experienced by LGBTQIA+ youth in middle school and high school is commonly linked to poor mental health and academic success, but little is known about its potential long-term impact. It was hypothesized that stigma levels would differ based on geographical location, with rural youth experiencing higher stigma levels compared to urban youth. This IRB-approved exempt research design collected anonymous survey data from college students at a mid-south public university. The sample included a total of 94 respondents, with 63 from rural areas and 31 from urban areas. Experiences of internalized, enacted, and perceived stigma were assessed with rating scales. No statistically significant differences were found between rural and urban youth, with both groups reporting high levels of internalized, enacted, and perceived stigma. Rural youth reported experiencing more discrimination or attacks at school and fewer LGBTQIA+ school resources but slightly higher family support. Urban youth were more likely to be out to family members and felt safer at school. Comparatively, more rural youth reported experiencing anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts in the past 30 days than urban youth. A moderate correlation was found between perceived and internalized stigma. This study provides insight into the pervasive nature of LGBTQIA+ stigma, regardless of geographical location.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/4/4/87internalized stigmaenacted stigmaperceived stigmaqueer youthLGBTQIA+school environment
spellingShingle Erin Stevenson
Gregory R. Sandman
James McGinn
The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas
Youth
internalized stigma
enacted stigma
perceived stigma
queer youth
LGBTQIA+
school environment
title The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas
title_full The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas
title_fullStr The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas
title_short The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas
title_sort role of stigma in lgbtqia youth in rural and urban areas
topic internalized stigma
enacted stigma
perceived stigma
queer youth
LGBTQIA+
school environment
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/4/4/87
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