Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration
Niches containing stem/progenitor cells are present in different anatomical locations along the human biliary tree and within liver acini. The most primitive stem/progenitors, biliary tree stem/progenitor cells (BTSCs), reside within peribiliary glands located throughout large extrahepatic and intra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Stem Cells International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3658013 |
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| author | Guido Carpino Anastasia Renzi Antonio Franchitto Vincenzo Cardinale Paolo Onori Lola Reid Domenico Alvaro Eugenio Gaudio |
| author_facet | Guido Carpino Anastasia Renzi Antonio Franchitto Vincenzo Cardinale Paolo Onori Lola Reid Domenico Alvaro Eugenio Gaudio |
| author_sort | Guido Carpino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Niches containing stem/progenitor cells are present in different anatomical locations along the human biliary tree and within liver acini. The most primitive stem/progenitors, biliary tree stem/progenitor cells (BTSCs), reside within peribiliary glands located throughout large extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts. BTSCs are multipotent and can differentiate towards hepatic and pancreatic cell fates. These niches’ matrix chemistry and other characteristics are undefined. Canals of Hering (bile ductules) are found periportally and contain hepatic stem/progenitor cells (HpSCs), participating in the renewal of small intrahepatic bile ducts and being precursors to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. The niches also contain precursors to hepatic stellate cells and endothelia, macrophages, and have a matrix chemistry rich in hyaluronans, minimally sulfated proteoglycans, fetal collagens, and laminin. The microenvironment furnishes key signals driving HpSC activation and differentiation. Newly discovered third niches are pericentral within hepatic acini, contain Axin2+ unipotent hepatocytic progenitors linked on their lateral borders to endothelia forming the central vein, and contribute to normal turnover of mature hepatocytes. Their relationship to the other stem/progenitors is undefined. Stem/progenitor niches have important implications in regenerative medicine for the liver and biliary tree and in pathogenic processes leading to diseases of these tissues. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ceff252f77c0487d8b43ba9981b44452 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-966X 1687-9678 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stem Cells International |
| spelling | doaj-art-ceff252f77c0487d8b43ba9981b444522025-02-03T06:01:35ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782016-01-01201610.1155/2016/36580133658013Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary RegenerationGuido Carpino0Anastasia Renzi1Antonio Franchitto2Vincenzo Cardinale3Paolo Onori4Lola Reid5Domenico Alvaro6Eugenio Gaudio7Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00135 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, LT, ItalyDepartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USAEleonora Lorillard Spencer-Cenci Foundation, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, ItalyNiches containing stem/progenitor cells are present in different anatomical locations along the human biliary tree and within liver acini. The most primitive stem/progenitors, biliary tree stem/progenitor cells (BTSCs), reside within peribiliary glands located throughout large extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts. BTSCs are multipotent and can differentiate towards hepatic and pancreatic cell fates. These niches’ matrix chemistry and other characteristics are undefined. Canals of Hering (bile ductules) are found periportally and contain hepatic stem/progenitor cells (HpSCs), participating in the renewal of small intrahepatic bile ducts and being precursors to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. The niches also contain precursors to hepatic stellate cells and endothelia, macrophages, and have a matrix chemistry rich in hyaluronans, minimally sulfated proteoglycans, fetal collagens, and laminin. The microenvironment furnishes key signals driving HpSC activation and differentiation. Newly discovered third niches are pericentral within hepatic acini, contain Axin2+ unipotent hepatocytic progenitors linked on their lateral borders to endothelia forming the central vein, and contribute to normal turnover of mature hepatocytes. Their relationship to the other stem/progenitors is undefined. Stem/progenitor niches have important implications in regenerative medicine for the liver and biliary tree and in pathogenic processes leading to diseases of these tissues.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3658013 |
| spellingShingle | Guido Carpino Anastasia Renzi Antonio Franchitto Vincenzo Cardinale Paolo Onori Lola Reid Domenico Alvaro Eugenio Gaudio Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration Stem Cells International |
| title | Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration |
| title_full | Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration |
| title_fullStr | Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration |
| title_short | Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration |
| title_sort | stem progenitor cell niches involved in hepatic and biliary regeneration |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3658013 |
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