Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from Serbia

<b>Background:</b> Pembrolizumab monotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients whose tumors express a PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) of ≥50%. However, real-world data regarding its effectiveness outside of clinical trials,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Filip Marković, Mihailo Stjepanović, Milan Rančić, Marina Cekić, Milica Kontić
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/5/1175
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849711886414643200
author Filip Marković
Mihailo Stjepanović
Milan Rančić
Marina Cekić
Milica Kontić
author_facet Filip Marković
Mihailo Stjepanović
Milan Rančić
Marina Cekić
Milica Kontić
author_sort Filip Marković
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background:</b> Pembrolizumab monotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients whose tumors express a PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) of ≥50%. However, real-world data regarding its effectiveness outside of clinical trials, particularly in Eastern European populations, are limited. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study including 225 patients with metastatic NSCLC and PD-L1 TPS ≥ 50% who received first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy in Serbia between 2019 and 2022. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes were collected. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to identify predictors of outcomes. <b>Results:</b> The median PFS was 9.7 months (95% CI: 7.979–11.421), and the median OS was 17.0 months (95% CI: 12.813–20.187) at a median follow-up of 18.1 months. The overall response rate (ORR) was 36.4%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 73.4%. Multivariable analysis identified good performance status (ECOG PS 0–1), PD-L1 TPS ≥ 90%, and the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) as independent predictors of improved PFS and OS. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study highlights the efficacy and safety of first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy in a real-world Serbian population with metastatic NSCLC and high PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, it confirms the prognostic value of ECOG PS, high PD-L1 expression, and the development of irAEs in predicting favorable clinical outcomes.
format Article
id doaj-art-cefb99aed96b43daa0af995c72927ae6
institution DOAJ
issn 2227-9059
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biomedicines
spelling doaj-art-cefb99aed96b43daa0af995c72927ae62025-08-20T03:14:30ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-05-01135117510.3390/biomedicines13051175Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from SerbiaFilip Marković0Mihailo Stjepanović1Milan Rančić2Marina Cekić3Milica Kontić4Clinic for Pulmonology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Pulmonology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaPulmonary Diseases Clinic, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, SerbiaPulmonary Diseases Clinic, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, SerbiaClinic for Pulmonology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia<b>Background:</b> Pembrolizumab monotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients whose tumors express a PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) of ≥50%. However, real-world data regarding its effectiveness outside of clinical trials, particularly in Eastern European populations, are limited. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study including 225 patients with metastatic NSCLC and PD-L1 TPS ≥ 50% who received first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy in Serbia between 2019 and 2022. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes were collected. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to identify predictors of outcomes. <b>Results:</b> The median PFS was 9.7 months (95% CI: 7.979–11.421), and the median OS was 17.0 months (95% CI: 12.813–20.187) at a median follow-up of 18.1 months. The overall response rate (ORR) was 36.4%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 73.4%. Multivariable analysis identified good performance status (ECOG PS 0–1), PD-L1 TPS ≥ 90%, and the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) as independent predictors of improved PFS and OS. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study highlights the efficacy and safety of first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy in a real-world Serbian population with metastatic NSCLC and high PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, it confirms the prognostic value of ECOG PS, high PD-L1 expression, and the development of irAEs in predicting favorable clinical outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/5/1175first-linehigh PD-L1 expressionimmune check-point inhibitorsnon-small cell lung cancerpembrolizumabpredictive factors
spellingShingle Filip Marković
Mihailo Stjepanović
Milan Rančić
Marina Cekić
Milica Kontić
Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from Serbia
Biomedicines
first-line
high PD-L1 expression
immune check-point inhibitors
non-small cell lung cancer
pembrolizumab
predictive factors
title Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from Serbia
title_full Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from Serbia
title_fullStr Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from Serbia
title_full_unstemmed Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from Serbia
title_short Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC with High PD-L1 Expression (TPS ≥ 50%): A Multicenter Study from Serbia
title_sort real world outcomes of first line pembrolizumab monotherapy in metastatic nsclc with high pd l1 expression tps ≥ 50 a multicenter study from serbia
topic first-line
high PD-L1 expression
immune check-point inhibitors
non-small cell lung cancer
pembrolizumab
predictive factors
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/5/1175
work_keys_str_mv AT filipmarkovic realworldoutcomesoffirstlinepembrolizumabmonotherapyinmetastaticnsclcwithhighpdl1expressiontps50amulticenterstudyfromserbia
AT mihailostjepanovic realworldoutcomesoffirstlinepembrolizumabmonotherapyinmetastaticnsclcwithhighpdl1expressiontps50amulticenterstudyfromserbia
AT milanrancic realworldoutcomesoffirstlinepembrolizumabmonotherapyinmetastaticnsclcwithhighpdl1expressiontps50amulticenterstudyfromserbia
AT marinacekic realworldoutcomesoffirstlinepembrolizumabmonotherapyinmetastaticnsclcwithhighpdl1expressiontps50amulticenterstudyfromserbia
AT milicakontic realworldoutcomesoffirstlinepembrolizumabmonotherapyinmetastaticnsclcwithhighpdl1expressiontps50amulticenterstudyfromserbia