Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women

Abstract During pregnancy, women often experience shifts in their body image perspective. Active engagement in positive health behaviors is crucial for achieving optimal pregnancy outcomes and promoting healthy fetal development. In this context, self-efficacy may influence how body image perception...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Agnieszka Bień, Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior, Dorota Ćwiek, Beata Pięta, Bożena Kulesza-Brończyk, Grażyna Bączek
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01784-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850125405804036096
author Agnieszka Bień
Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior
Dorota Ćwiek
Beata Pięta
Bożena Kulesza-Brończyk
Grażyna Bączek
author_facet Agnieszka Bień
Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior
Dorota Ćwiek
Beata Pięta
Bożena Kulesza-Brończyk
Grażyna Bączek
author_sort Agnieszka Bień
collection DOAJ
description Abstract During pregnancy, women often experience shifts in their body image perspective. Active engagement in positive health behaviors is crucial for achieving optimal pregnancy outcomes and promoting healthy fetal development. In this context, self-efficacy may influence how body image perception translates into such behaviors.This study aimed to determine whether self-efficacy among pregnant women moderates the relationship between body image and their health behaviors. The study was conducted from December 2023 to July 2024, involving 921 pregnant women in Poland. A diagnostic survey method using a questionnaire technique was applied. The research instruments included the generalized self-efficacy scale, body esteem scale, positive health behavior scale, and a standardized interview questionnaire. Pregnant women with a more positive attitude toward their bodies demonstrated a greater tendency to engage in positive health behaviors during pregnancy (p < 0.001). For sexual attractiveness, a positive association with positive health behaviors was maintained across all levels of self-efficacy (p < 0.001). A significant positive association with positive health behaviors was found for weight concerns (p < 0.001) and physical condition (p = 0.013), but only at moderate and high levels of self-efficacy. The impact of body image on positive health behaviors is more pronounced in women with higher levels of self-efficacy, although this relationship varies across different aspects of body image.
format Article
id doaj-art-cefb55f9863c44789e7e78622ac2daa0
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-cefb55f9863c44789e7e78622ac2daa02025-08-20T02:34:07ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-01784-8Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant womenAgnieszka Bień0Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior1Dorota Ćwiek2Beata Pięta3Bożena Kulesza-Brończyk4Grażyna Bączek5Chair of Obstetrics Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of LublinState University of Applied Sciences in KrosnoDepartment of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in SzczecinPractical Midwifery Science Faculty, Poznan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Maternity Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of BialystokDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Didactics, Medical University of WarsawAbstract During pregnancy, women often experience shifts in their body image perspective. Active engagement in positive health behaviors is crucial for achieving optimal pregnancy outcomes and promoting healthy fetal development. In this context, self-efficacy may influence how body image perception translates into such behaviors.This study aimed to determine whether self-efficacy among pregnant women moderates the relationship between body image and their health behaviors. The study was conducted from December 2023 to July 2024, involving 921 pregnant women in Poland. A diagnostic survey method using a questionnaire technique was applied. The research instruments included the generalized self-efficacy scale, body esteem scale, positive health behavior scale, and a standardized interview questionnaire. Pregnant women with a more positive attitude toward their bodies demonstrated a greater tendency to engage in positive health behaviors during pregnancy (p < 0.001). For sexual attractiveness, a positive association with positive health behaviors was maintained across all levels of self-efficacy (p < 0.001). A significant positive association with positive health behaviors was found for weight concerns (p < 0.001) and physical condition (p = 0.013), but only at moderate and high levels of self-efficacy. The impact of body image on positive health behaviors is more pronounced in women with higher levels of self-efficacy, although this relationship varies across different aspects of body image.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01784-8Pregnant womenSelf-efficacyBody imageHealth behaviors
spellingShingle Agnieszka Bień
Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior
Dorota Ćwiek
Beata Pięta
Bożena Kulesza-Brończyk
Grażyna Bączek
Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women
Scientific Reports
Pregnant women
Self-efficacy
Body image
Health behaviors
title Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women
title_full Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women
title_fullStr Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women
title_full_unstemmed Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women
title_short Self-efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women
title_sort self efficacy as a moderator in the relationship between body image and health behaviors in pregnant women
topic Pregnant women
Self-efficacy
Body image
Health behaviors
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01784-8
work_keys_str_mv AT agnieszkabien selfefficacyasamoderatorintherelationshipbetweenbodyimageandhealthbehaviorsinpregnantwomen
AT joannagrzesikgasior selfefficacyasamoderatorintherelationshipbetweenbodyimageandhealthbehaviorsinpregnantwomen
AT dorotacwiek selfefficacyasamoderatorintherelationshipbetweenbodyimageandhealthbehaviorsinpregnantwomen
AT beatapieta selfefficacyasamoderatorintherelationshipbetweenbodyimageandhealthbehaviorsinpregnantwomen
AT bozenakuleszabronczyk selfefficacyasamoderatorintherelationshipbetweenbodyimageandhealthbehaviorsinpregnantwomen
AT grazynabaczek selfefficacyasamoderatorintherelationshipbetweenbodyimageandhealthbehaviorsinpregnantwomen