Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During Eruptions
Volcanic processes related to episodes of inflation, dike propagation, effusive activity, etc., can be detected by continuous surface tilt measurements. The interpretation of these measurements helps comprehend medium-to-short-term precursors of volcanic eruptions or establishes early warning alerts...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/317 |
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| author | David Gomez-Ortiz Jose Arnoso Silvia Martín-Velázquez Tomás Martín-Crespo Fuensanta González Montesinos Emilio Vélez Maite Benavent |
| author_facet | David Gomez-Ortiz Jose Arnoso Silvia Martín-Velázquez Tomás Martín-Crespo Fuensanta González Montesinos Emilio Vélez Maite Benavent |
| author_sort | David Gomez-Ortiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Volcanic processes related to episodes of inflation, dike propagation, effusive activity, etc., can be detected by continuous surface tilt measurements. The interpretation of these measurements helps comprehend medium-to-short-term precursors of volcanic eruptions or establishes early warning alerts. Additionally, studying the transport and evolution of magmas from the Moho to the crust is key to understanding the eruptive process, but to date, they have not been traced from surface tilts. In this work, we witnessed two relevant and unique dynamic eruptive processes, as revealed by tilt signals, both in the 2021 La Palma eruption and in the 2011–2012 El Hierro eruption (Canary Islands). On the one hand, magma injection from the reservoir at depth is controlled by a pressure gradient. On the other hand, changes in magma viscosity, resulting from pressure variations, have been revealed from cyclic tilt signals. In the case of these signals, matching with a physical model helped us decipher them and establish the duration of this magmatic process, which varied depending on the size and rheological properties of the respective magma plumbing systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cef4e0bd367e46f29688f69089edcbf1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-cef4e0bd367e46f29688f69089edcbf12025-01-24T13:48:06ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-01-0117231710.3390/rs17020317Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During EruptionsDavid Gomez-Ortiz0Jose Arnoso1Silvia Martín-Velázquez2Tomás Martín-Crespo3Fuensanta González Montesinos4Emilio Vélez5Maite Benavent6Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Geociencias (IGEO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Doctor Severo Ochoa, 7, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, SpainFacultad de Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ciencias 3, 28040 Madrid, SpainInstituto de Geociencias (IGEO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Doctor Severo Ochoa, 7, 28040 Madrid, SpainFacultad de Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ciencias 3, 28040 Madrid, SpainVolcanic processes related to episodes of inflation, dike propagation, effusive activity, etc., can be detected by continuous surface tilt measurements. The interpretation of these measurements helps comprehend medium-to-short-term precursors of volcanic eruptions or establishes early warning alerts. Additionally, studying the transport and evolution of magmas from the Moho to the crust is key to understanding the eruptive process, but to date, they have not been traced from surface tilts. In this work, we witnessed two relevant and unique dynamic eruptive processes, as revealed by tilt signals, both in the 2021 La Palma eruption and in the 2011–2012 El Hierro eruption (Canary Islands). On the one hand, magma injection from the reservoir at depth is controlled by a pressure gradient. On the other hand, changes in magma viscosity, resulting from pressure variations, have been revealed from cyclic tilt signals. In the case of these signals, matching with a physical model helped us decipher them and establish the duration of this magmatic process, which varied depending on the size and rheological properties of the respective magma plumbing systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/317cyclic tilt signalspressure gradientphysical modelmagma viscosity variationsCanary Islands |
| spellingShingle | David Gomez-Ortiz Jose Arnoso Silvia Martín-Velázquez Tomás Martín-Crespo Fuensanta González Montesinos Emilio Vélez Maite Benavent Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During Eruptions Remote Sensing cyclic tilt signals pressure gradient physical model magma viscosity variations Canary Islands |
| title | Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During Eruptions |
| title_full | Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During Eruptions |
| title_fullStr | Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During Eruptions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During Eruptions |
| title_short | Tiltmeter Data Revealing Transient Magma Viscosity Changes During Eruptions |
| title_sort | tiltmeter data revealing transient magma viscosity changes during eruptions |
| topic | cyclic tilt signals pressure gradient physical model magma viscosity variations Canary Islands |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/317 |
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