Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves
Abstract Fjord systems in the Norwegian Arctic are experiencing an increasing frequency and magnitude of marine heatwaves. These episodic heat stress events can have varying degrees of acute impacts on primary production and nutrient uptake of mixed kelp communities, as well as modifying the biogeoc...
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Wiley
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70183 |
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| author | Cale A. Miller Frédéric Gazeau Anaïs Lebrun Samir Alliouane Pierre Urrutti Robert W. Schlegel Jean‐Pierre Gattuso Steeve Comeau |
| author_facet | Cale A. Miller Frédéric Gazeau Anaïs Lebrun Samir Alliouane Pierre Urrutti Robert W. Schlegel Jean‐Pierre Gattuso Steeve Comeau |
| author_sort | Cale A. Miller |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fjord systems in the Norwegian Arctic are experiencing an increasing frequency and magnitude of marine heatwaves. These episodic heat stress events can have varying degrees of acute impacts on primary production and nutrient uptake of mixed kelp communities, as well as modifying the biogeochemical cycling in nearshore systems where vast areas of kelp create structural habitat. To assess the impact of future marine heatwaves on kelp communities, we conducted a 23 day mesocosm experiment exposing mixed kelp communities to warming and heatwave scenarios projected for the year 2100. Three treatments were considered: a constant warming (+1.8°C from the control), a medium magnitude and long duration heatwave event (+2.8°C from the control for 13 days), and two short‐term, more intense, heatwaves(5 day long scenarios with temperature peaks at +3.9°C from the control). The results show that both marine heatwave treatments reduced net community production, whereas the constant warm temperature treatment displayed no difference from the control. The long marine heatwave scenario resulted in reduced accumulated net community production, indicating that prolonged exposure had a greater severity than two high magnitude, short‐term heatwave events. We estimated an 11°C temperature threshold at which negative effects to primary production appeared present. We highlight that marine heatwaves can induce sublethal effects on kelp communities by depressing net community production. These results are placed in the context of potential physiological resilience of kelp communities and implications of reduced net community production to future Arctic fjord environmental conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ceed4d79a9424d1dba5c24792ffc3f87 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj-art-ceed4d79a9424d1dba5c24792ffc3f872025-08-20T02:52:37ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582024-10-011410n/an/a10.1002/ece3.70183Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwavesCale A. Miller0Frédéric Gazeau1Anaïs Lebrun2Samir Alliouane3Pierre Urrutti4Robert W. Schlegel5Jean‐Pierre Gattuso6Steeve Comeau7CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceCNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceCNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceCNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceCNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceCNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceCNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceCNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université Villefranche‐sur‐Mer FranceAbstract Fjord systems in the Norwegian Arctic are experiencing an increasing frequency and magnitude of marine heatwaves. These episodic heat stress events can have varying degrees of acute impacts on primary production and nutrient uptake of mixed kelp communities, as well as modifying the biogeochemical cycling in nearshore systems where vast areas of kelp create structural habitat. To assess the impact of future marine heatwaves on kelp communities, we conducted a 23 day mesocosm experiment exposing mixed kelp communities to warming and heatwave scenarios projected for the year 2100. Three treatments were considered: a constant warming (+1.8°C from the control), a medium magnitude and long duration heatwave event (+2.8°C from the control for 13 days), and two short‐term, more intense, heatwaves(5 day long scenarios with temperature peaks at +3.9°C from the control). The results show that both marine heatwave treatments reduced net community production, whereas the constant warm temperature treatment displayed no difference from the control. The long marine heatwave scenario resulted in reduced accumulated net community production, indicating that prolonged exposure had a greater severity than two high magnitude, short‐term heatwave events. We estimated an 11°C temperature threshold at which negative effects to primary production appeared present. We highlight that marine heatwaves can induce sublethal effects on kelp communities by depressing net community production. These results are placed in the context of potential physiological resilience of kelp communities and implications of reduced net community production to future Arctic fjord environmental conditions.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70183Arctickelpmarine heatwavenet community production |
| spellingShingle | Cale A. Miller Frédéric Gazeau Anaïs Lebrun Samir Alliouane Pierre Urrutti Robert W. Schlegel Jean‐Pierre Gattuso Steeve Comeau Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves Ecology and Evolution Arctic kelp marine heatwave net community production |
| title | Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves |
| title_full | Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves |
| title_fullStr | Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves |
| title_short | Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves |
| title_sort | summer primary production of arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves |
| topic | Arctic kelp marine heatwave net community production |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70183 |
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