Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based Metabolomics

Intestinal metabolites produced by gut microbes play a significant role in host health. Due to their different chemical structures, they are often analyzed using multiple analyzers and methods, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for SCFAs and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry...

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Main Authors: Kazuki Funahashi, Chol Gyu Lee, Kuniyo Sugitate, Noriko Kagata, Noriko Fukuda, Isaiah Song, Chiharu Ishii, Akiyoshi Hirayama, Shinji Fukuda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Gut Microbes Reports
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/29933935.2024.2429408
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author Kazuki Funahashi
Chol Gyu Lee
Kuniyo Sugitate
Noriko Kagata
Noriko Fukuda
Isaiah Song
Chiharu Ishii
Akiyoshi Hirayama
Shinji Fukuda
author_facet Kazuki Funahashi
Chol Gyu Lee
Kuniyo Sugitate
Noriko Kagata
Noriko Fukuda
Isaiah Song
Chiharu Ishii
Akiyoshi Hirayama
Shinji Fukuda
author_sort Kazuki Funahashi
collection DOAJ
description Intestinal metabolites produced by gut microbes play a significant role in host health. Due to their different chemical structures, they are often analyzed using multiple analyzers and methods, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for SCFAs and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for bile acids (BAs), amino acids (AAs), and sugars. In this study, we aimed to develop a specialized method for the simultaneous determination of important intestinal metabolites, specifically addressing the main issue of SCFA volatilization during the dry solidification process. We discovered that these compounds can all be measured in fecal samples by GC/MS after trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization despite the expected volatility of SCFAs. Validating the results using SCFA standards suggested that the fecal matrix exerts a stabilizing effect. This method enabled the simultaneous quantification of 65 metabolites. For further validation in a biological context, a mouse study showed that high-MAC and high-fat diets increased SCFAs and BAs in feces, respectively, and showed a negative correlation between Alistipes and sugars, all consistent with previous studies. As a result, we successfully developed a specialized simultaneous quantification method for SCFAs, BAs, AAs, AA derivatives, and sugars in fecal samples using GC/MS-based metabolomics in conjunction with a TMS derivatization pretreatment process.
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spelling doaj-art-cea3ac09b6224d2ead74e29c469727c12025-08-20T02:26:28ZengTaylor & Francis GroupGut Microbes Reports2993-39352024-12-011110.1080/29933935.2024.2429408Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based MetabolomicsKazuki Funahashi0Chol Gyu Lee1Kuniyo Sugitate2Noriko Kagata3Noriko Fukuda4Isaiah Song5Chiharu Ishii6Akiyoshi Hirayama7Shinji Fukuda8Metagen Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanMetagen Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanAgilent Technologies Japan, Ltd, Hachioji, Tokyo, JapanInstitute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanInstitute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanInstitute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanInstitute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanInstitute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanMetagen Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata, JapanIntestinal metabolites produced by gut microbes play a significant role in host health. Due to their different chemical structures, they are often analyzed using multiple analyzers and methods, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for SCFAs and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for bile acids (BAs), amino acids (AAs), and sugars. In this study, we aimed to develop a specialized method for the simultaneous determination of important intestinal metabolites, specifically addressing the main issue of SCFA volatilization during the dry solidification process. We discovered that these compounds can all be measured in fecal samples by GC/MS after trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization despite the expected volatility of SCFAs. Validating the results using SCFA standards suggested that the fecal matrix exerts a stabilizing effect. This method enabled the simultaneous quantification of 65 metabolites. For further validation in a biological context, a mouse study showed that high-MAC and high-fat diets increased SCFAs and BAs in feces, respectively, and showed a negative correlation between Alistipes and sugars, all consistent with previous studies. As a result, we successfully developed a specialized simultaneous quantification method for SCFAs, BAs, AAs, AA derivatives, and sugars in fecal samples using GC/MS-based metabolomics in conjunction with a TMS derivatization pretreatment process.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/29933935.2024.2429408Gut microbiomeintestinal metabolitesshort-chain fatty acidsbile acidsGC/MSTMS derivatization
spellingShingle Kazuki Funahashi
Chol Gyu Lee
Kuniyo Sugitate
Noriko Kagata
Noriko Fukuda
Isaiah Song
Chiharu Ishii
Akiyoshi Hirayama
Shinji Fukuda
Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based Metabolomics
Gut Microbes Reports
Gut microbiome
intestinal metabolites
short-chain fatty acids
bile acids
GC/MS
TMS derivatization
title Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based Metabolomics
title_full Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based Metabolomics
title_fullStr Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based Metabolomics
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based Metabolomics
title_short Development of a Specialized Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Functional Intestinal Metabolites by GC/MS-Based Metabolomics
title_sort development of a specialized method for simultaneous quantification of functional intestinal metabolites by gc ms based metabolomics
topic Gut microbiome
intestinal metabolites
short-chain fatty acids
bile acids
GC/MS
TMS derivatization
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/29933935.2024.2429408
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