Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous students

We aimed to support the self-determination of Wolastoqey communities by developing a measure of contextual factors that contribute to school belonging for their middle school and high school students who attended school off-reserve. Most post-positivist methodologies of measure development minimize...

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Main Authors: Macy L. Bowman, Matthew T. McCrudden
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Methods in Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590260125000116
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author Macy L. Bowman
Matthew T. McCrudden
author_facet Macy L. Bowman
Matthew T. McCrudden
author_sort Macy L. Bowman
collection DOAJ
description We aimed to support the self-determination of Wolastoqey communities by developing a measure of contextual factors that contribute to school belonging for their middle school and high school students who attended school off-reserve. Most post-positivist methodologies of measure development minimize researcher bias after an item pool has been generated; however, there is limited check on researcher bias before the item pool has been generated. Transformative methodologies include checks on researcher bias throughout the research process by ensuring that individuals who are influenced by the research are actively involved. The mixed methods methodological aim of this paper was to illustrate the application of a transformative approach to instrument development. We used an exploratory sequential mixed methods design. A transformative mixed methods approach to scale development can support the self-determination of those influenced by the research and its outcomes. Methodological contributions of this approach are discussed.
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spelling doaj-art-ce9df942fcae4c8a99ed1fe50e8b560c2025-08-20T02:35:51ZengElsevierMethods in Psychology2590-26012025-06-011210018510.1016/j.metip.2025.100185Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous studentsMacy L. Bowman0Matthew T. McCrudden1Corresponding author. The Pennsylvania State University, College of Education, Educational Psychology, Counseling, and Special Education, CEDAR Building, University Park, PA, 16802 USA.; Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling, and Special Education, The Pennsylvania State University, USADepartment of Educational Psychology, Counseling, and Special Education, The Pennsylvania State University, USAWe aimed to support the self-determination of Wolastoqey communities by developing a measure of contextual factors that contribute to school belonging for their middle school and high school students who attended school off-reserve. Most post-positivist methodologies of measure development minimize researcher bias after an item pool has been generated; however, there is limited check on researcher bias before the item pool has been generated. Transformative methodologies include checks on researcher bias throughout the research process by ensuring that individuals who are influenced by the research are actively involved. The mixed methods methodological aim of this paper was to illustrate the application of a transformative approach to instrument development. We used an exploratory sequential mixed methods design. A transformative mixed methods approach to scale development can support the self-determination of those influenced by the research and its outcomes. Methodological contributions of this approach are discussed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590260125000116TransformativeMixed methodsIndigenous methodsMeasure developmentBelonging
spellingShingle Macy L. Bowman
Matthew T. McCrudden
Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous students
Methods in Psychology
Transformative
Mixed methods
Indigenous methods
Measure development
Belonging
title Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous students
title_full Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous students
title_fullStr Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous students
title_full_unstemmed Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous students
title_short Using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for Indigenous students
title_sort using transformative mixed methods to develop a measure of school belonging for indigenous students
topic Transformative
Mixed methods
Indigenous methods
Measure development
Belonging
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590260125000116
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