Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study
Background. To determine the exact role of estrogen in vaginal tissue morphology and estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) distribution in the vagina, which remains controversial. Methods. Sixty rats were randomly categorized: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomy (OVX), and four estradiol treatments (estradiol...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1093512 |
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| author | Ting Li Yuanyuan Ma Hong Zhang Ping Yan Lili Huo Yongyan Hu Xi Chen Ting Li Miao Zhang Zhaohui Liu |
| author_facet | Ting Li Yuanyuan Ma Hong Zhang Ping Yan Lili Huo Yongyan Hu Xi Chen Ting Li Miao Zhang Zhaohui Liu |
| author_sort | Ting Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. To determine the exact role of estrogen in vaginal tissue morphology and estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) distribution in the vagina, which remains controversial. Methods. Sixty rats were randomly categorized: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomy (OVX), and four estradiol treatments (estradiol valerate at 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. Thereafter, vaginal samples were biopsied from the distal- and proximal-half portions. The percentage of ERα-immunoreactive cells and the ERα score were quantified using immunohistochemistry to assess changes in ERα expression and distribution. Results. OVX induced significant vaginal atrophy and organic index. Estrogen-replacement therapy (ERT) reversed vaginal atrophy. The vaginal distal-half areas showed lower ERα% than the proximal-half areas. The ERα% increased sharply 4 weeks after OVX, especially in the epithelial layer (P=0.023). ERT elicited different degrees of reductions in tissues after the 2-week treatment, but the ERα% in only the epithelium recovered in parallel with that in the sham group (P=0.001). The OVX group showed higher ERα histological scores than the sham group, and the distal-half area changed more evidently than the proximal-half area. ERα expression was nearly unchanged after ERT (P>0.05). Conclusions. ERT is effective for treating obesity and vulvovaginal atrophy caused by hypoestrogenism and advancing age in menopausal women but cannot recover the distribution and expression of ERα. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ce983eef571e4fc1a2621c64dcdfd650 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ce983eef571e4fc1a2621c64dcdfd6502025-08-20T03:19:39ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452016-01-01201610.1155/2016/10935121093512Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological StudyTing Li0Yuanyuan Ma1Hong Zhang2Ping Yan3Lili Huo4Yongyan Hu5Xi Chen6Ting Li7Miao Zhang8Zhaohui Liu9Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaAnimal Center Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaAnimal Center Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, ChinaBackground. To determine the exact role of estrogen in vaginal tissue morphology and estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) distribution in the vagina, which remains controversial. Methods. Sixty rats were randomly categorized: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomy (OVX), and four estradiol treatments (estradiol valerate at 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. Thereafter, vaginal samples were biopsied from the distal- and proximal-half portions. The percentage of ERα-immunoreactive cells and the ERα score were quantified using immunohistochemistry to assess changes in ERα expression and distribution. Results. OVX induced significant vaginal atrophy and organic index. Estrogen-replacement therapy (ERT) reversed vaginal atrophy. The vaginal distal-half areas showed lower ERα% than the proximal-half areas. The ERα% increased sharply 4 weeks after OVX, especially in the epithelial layer (P=0.023). ERT elicited different degrees of reductions in tissues after the 2-week treatment, but the ERα% in only the epithelium recovered in parallel with that in the sham group (P=0.001). The OVX group showed higher ERα histological scores than the sham group, and the distal-half area changed more evidently than the proximal-half area. ERα expression was nearly unchanged after ERT (P>0.05). Conclusions. ERT is effective for treating obesity and vulvovaginal atrophy caused by hypoestrogenism and advancing age in menopausal women but cannot recover the distribution and expression of ERα.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1093512 |
| spellingShingle | Ting Li Yuanyuan Ma Hong Zhang Ping Yan Lili Huo Yongyan Hu Xi Chen Ting Li Miao Zhang Zhaohui Liu Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study |
| title_full | Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study |
| title_fullStr | Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study |
| title_short | Differential Regulation of Morphology and Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Expression in the Vagina of Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats by Estrogen Replacement: A Histological Study |
| title_sort | differential regulation of morphology and estrogen receptor alpha expression in the vagina of ovariectomized adult virgin rats by estrogen replacement a histological study |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1093512 |
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