Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in Pakistan

Abstract Objective: To assess the impact of treatment guidelines on the trends of outpatient antibiotic prescription among pediatric and adult patients at a cancer center in Pakistan. Design: Retrospective observational study conducted between July 1st 2018 and July 31st 2023. Methods: We dete...

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Main Authors: Salma Abbas, Seemal Aslam, Sara Batool, Mahnoor Zafar, Sadia Khaliq, Momal Fatima, Iraj Shehzad, Muhammad Arslan, Iqra Attiq, Muhammad Shehbaz, Anum Khan, Muhammad Ali Raza, Hamza Zulfiqar, Ahsan Mahmood, Faisal Sultan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2025-01-01
Series:Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology
Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2732494X25000026/type/journal_article
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author Salma Abbas
Seemal Aslam
Sara Batool
Mahnoor Zafar
Sadia Khaliq
Momal Fatima
Iraj Shehzad
Muhammad Arslan
Iqra Attiq
Muhammad Shehbaz
Anum Khan
Muhammad Ali Raza
Hamza Zulfiqar
Ahsan Mahmood
Faisal Sultan
author_facet Salma Abbas
Seemal Aslam
Sara Batool
Mahnoor Zafar
Sadia Khaliq
Momal Fatima
Iraj Shehzad
Muhammad Arslan
Iqra Attiq
Muhammad Shehbaz
Anum Khan
Muhammad Ali Raza
Hamza Zulfiqar
Ahsan Mahmood
Faisal Sultan
author_sort Salma Abbas
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective: To assess the impact of treatment guidelines on the trends of outpatient antibiotic prescription among pediatric and adult patients at a cancer center in Pakistan. Design: Retrospective observational study conducted between July 1st 2018 and July 31st 2023. Methods: We determined the indication for antibiotics and the frequency of guideline-discordant prescriptions for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), urinary tract infection (UTI), and diarrhea. The χ2 test was used to assess the impact of treatment guidelines on antibiotics prescribed for these indications. Results: The top indications for antibiotic prescription were skin and skin structure infection (SSSI) (n = 5159; 21.5%), URTI (n = 2760; 11.5%) and UTI (n = 2686; 11.2%). Amoxicillin-clavulanate (n = 7964; 33.3%), was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic. A large proportion of antibiotic prescriptions for URTI, diarrhea, UTI, and LRTI were either inappropriate (n = 6695; 86.5%) or unnecessary (n = 5534; 71.5%). Results revealed a statistically significant decline in the proportion of inappropriate antibiotics for UTI (91.3% vs 84.0%; P ≤ .001) and diarrhea (92.6% vs 87.0%; P = .031) and unnecessary antibiotics for diarrhea (90.2% vs 83.2%; P = .016) with the introduction of treatment guidelines. We noted a higher proportion of unnecessary prescriptions for LRTI (41.7% vs 31.7%; P = .003) and inappropriate antibiotics for UTI (95.1% vs 87.4%; P = .011) for pediatric patients. Conclusion: Misuse of outpatient antibiotics is common. Diarrhea, URTI, UTI, and LRTI are high-priority conditions for outpatient oncology-focused prescriber education and stewardship interventions.
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spelling doaj-art-ce8dfe801045403e93f5e90173f0fa652025-08-20T03:00:54ZengCambridge University PressAntimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology2732-494X2025-01-01510.1017/ash.2025.2Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in PakistanSalma Abbas0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-8712Seemal Aslam1https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6902-7531Sara Batool2Mahnoor Zafar3Sadia Khaliq4Momal Fatima5Iraj Shehzad6Muhammad Arslan7Iqra Attiq8Muhammad Shehbaz9Anum Khan10Muhammad Ali Raza11Hamza Zulfiqar12Ahsan Mahmood13Faisal Sultan14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2618-988XDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Acute Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, EnglandDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, PakistanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Abstract Objective: To assess the impact of treatment guidelines on the trends of outpatient antibiotic prescription among pediatric and adult patients at a cancer center in Pakistan. Design: Retrospective observational study conducted between July 1st 2018 and July 31st 2023. Methods: We determined the indication for antibiotics and the frequency of guideline-discordant prescriptions for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), urinary tract infection (UTI), and diarrhea. The χ2 test was used to assess the impact of treatment guidelines on antibiotics prescribed for these indications. Results: The top indications for antibiotic prescription were skin and skin structure infection (SSSI) (n = 5159; 21.5%), URTI (n = 2760; 11.5%) and UTI (n = 2686; 11.2%). Amoxicillin-clavulanate (n = 7964; 33.3%), was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic. A large proportion of antibiotic prescriptions for URTI, diarrhea, UTI, and LRTI were either inappropriate (n = 6695; 86.5%) or unnecessary (n = 5534; 71.5%). Results revealed a statistically significant decline in the proportion of inappropriate antibiotics for UTI (91.3% vs 84.0%; P ≤ .001) and diarrhea (92.6% vs 87.0%; P = .031) and unnecessary antibiotics for diarrhea (90.2% vs 83.2%; P = .016) with the introduction of treatment guidelines. We noted a higher proportion of unnecessary prescriptions for LRTI (41.7% vs 31.7%; P = .003) and inappropriate antibiotics for UTI (95.1% vs 87.4%; P = .011) for pediatric patients. Conclusion: Misuse of outpatient antibiotics is common. Diarrhea, URTI, UTI, and LRTI are high-priority conditions for outpatient oncology-focused prescriber education and stewardship interventions. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2732494X25000026/type/journal_article
spellingShingle Salma Abbas
Seemal Aslam
Sara Batool
Mahnoor Zafar
Sadia Khaliq
Momal Fatima
Iraj Shehzad
Muhammad Arslan
Iqra Attiq
Muhammad Shehbaz
Anum Khan
Muhammad Ali Raza
Hamza Zulfiqar
Ahsan Mahmood
Faisal Sultan
Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in Pakistan
Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology
title Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in Pakistan
title_full Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in Pakistan
title_fullStr Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in Pakistan
title_short Examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in Pakistan
title_sort examining the impact of treatment guidelines on outpatient antibiotic prescription trends at a cancer center in pakistan
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2732494X25000026/type/journal_article
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