Extract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumption

Abstract In Oriental medicine, silkworms and their derivatives have been used for anti-inflammatory and diabetic purposes. Bombycis Feces exhibit anti-atopic effects and anti-proliferative activity; however, the role of BF extract (BFE) in adipogenesis and obesity and management remains underexplore...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yun Kyung Lee, Ji Hyo Lyu, Ung Cheol Shin, Subramanian Muthamil, Chang-Hwan Bae, Seon-Wook Kim, Jong Min Oh, Hyun-Jun Jang, Jun Hong Park
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14700-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849226456799903744
author Yun Kyung Lee
Ji Hyo Lyu
Ung Cheol Shin
Subramanian Muthamil
Chang-Hwan Bae
Seon-Wook Kim
Jong Min Oh
Hyun-Jun Jang
Jun Hong Park
author_facet Yun Kyung Lee
Ji Hyo Lyu
Ung Cheol Shin
Subramanian Muthamil
Chang-Hwan Bae
Seon-Wook Kim
Jong Min Oh
Hyun-Jun Jang
Jun Hong Park
author_sort Yun Kyung Lee
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In Oriental medicine, silkworms and their derivatives have been used for anti-inflammatory and diabetic purposes. Bombycis Feces exhibit anti-atopic effects and anti-proliferative activity; however, the role of BF extract (BFE) in adipogenesis and obesity and management remains underexplored. This study examined the effects of BFE on amino acid oxidation during adipocyte differentiation. An adipogenesis model was established using 3T3-L1 cells. Intracellular lipid accumulation was assessed via Oil Red O staining, while cytotoxicity was evaluated using a cell viability assay. The effects of BFE on gene and protein expression, lipolysis, real-time oxygen consumption rate, and substrate oxidation during adipocyte differentiation were analyzed. The involvement of the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolic pathway and leptin gene expression was also evaluated. BFE treatment significantly downregulated the expression level of key adipogenic transcription factors, including PPARγ and C/EBPα, as well as aP2 gene expression. Lipid accumulation was significantly reduced, accompanied by increased expression of Sirt1 and Sirt6, but not Sirt3, and a concurrent reduction in Parp1 expression. In addition to adipogenesis, the oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate were downregulated by BFE treatment in adipocytes. Conversely, BFE enhanced amino acid-dependent oxidation during adipogenesis. These findings suggest that BFE supports energy production via BCAA catabolism rather than fatty acid or glucose oxidation. BFE inhibits adipogenesis by modulating the expression of Sirt1, Sirt6, and Parp1, reducing lipid metabolism, and enhancing BCAA catabolism in 3T3-L1 cells. These results highlight BFE’s potential as a therapeutic agent for obesity management.
format Article
id doaj-art-ce722fbf7bbd425f8f56eb81d3f1b846
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-ce722fbf7bbd425f8f56eb81d3f1b8462025-08-24T11:20:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-14700-xExtract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumptionYun Kyung Lee0Ji Hyo Lyu1Ung Cheol Shin2Subramanian Muthamil3Chang-Hwan Bae4Seon-Wook Kim5Jong Min Oh6Hyun-Jun Jang7Jun Hong Park8Institute of Endemic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of MedicineHerbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineHerbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineHerbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineHerbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineHerbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineHerbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineResearch Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research InstituteDepartment of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National UniversityAbstract In Oriental medicine, silkworms and their derivatives have been used for anti-inflammatory and diabetic purposes. Bombycis Feces exhibit anti-atopic effects and anti-proliferative activity; however, the role of BF extract (BFE) in adipogenesis and obesity and management remains underexplored. This study examined the effects of BFE on amino acid oxidation during adipocyte differentiation. An adipogenesis model was established using 3T3-L1 cells. Intracellular lipid accumulation was assessed via Oil Red O staining, while cytotoxicity was evaluated using a cell viability assay. The effects of BFE on gene and protein expression, lipolysis, real-time oxygen consumption rate, and substrate oxidation during adipocyte differentiation were analyzed. The involvement of the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolic pathway and leptin gene expression was also evaluated. BFE treatment significantly downregulated the expression level of key adipogenic transcription factors, including PPARγ and C/EBPα, as well as aP2 gene expression. Lipid accumulation was significantly reduced, accompanied by increased expression of Sirt1 and Sirt6, but not Sirt3, and a concurrent reduction in Parp1 expression. In addition to adipogenesis, the oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate were downregulated by BFE treatment in adipocytes. Conversely, BFE enhanced amino acid-dependent oxidation during adipogenesis. These findings suggest that BFE supports energy production via BCAA catabolism rather than fatty acid or glucose oxidation. BFE inhibits adipogenesis by modulating the expression of Sirt1, Sirt6, and Parp1, reducing lipid metabolism, and enhancing BCAA catabolism in 3T3-L1 cells. These results highlight BFE’s potential as a therapeutic agent for obesity management.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14700-xBombycis Feces extract (BFE)AdipogenesisMitochondrial BCAA catabolismSirtPARP1Mitochondrial metabolism
spellingShingle Yun Kyung Lee
Ji Hyo Lyu
Ung Cheol Shin
Subramanian Muthamil
Chang-Hwan Bae
Seon-Wook Kim
Jong Min Oh
Hyun-Jun Jang
Jun Hong Park
Extract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumption
Scientific Reports
Bombycis Feces extract (BFE)
Adipogenesis
Mitochondrial BCAA catabolism
Sirt
PARP1
Mitochondrial metabolism
title Extract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumption
title_full Extract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumption
title_fullStr Extract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumption
title_full_unstemmed Extract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumption
title_short Extract of Bombycis Feces suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid-dependent energy consumption
title_sort extract of bombycis feces suppressed 3t3 l1 adipogenesis resulting in the regulation of fatty acid dependent energy consumption
topic Bombycis Feces extract (BFE)
Adipogenesis
Mitochondrial BCAA catabolism
Sirt
PARP1
Mitochondrial metabolism
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14700-x
work_keys_str_mv AT yunkyunglee extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT jihyolyu extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT ungcheolshin extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT subramanianmuthamil extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT changhwanbae extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT seonwookkim extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT jongminoh extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT hyunjunjang extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption
AT junhongpark extractofbombycisfecessuppressed3t3l1adipogenesisresultingintheregulationoffattyaciddependentenergyconsumption