Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber waste

This study explores the potential of enhancing waste rubber pyrolysis oil (WRPO) by blending it with biodiesel derived from used cooking oil (WCO biodiesel oil) to improve its suitability as an alternative biofuel. The hypothesis posits that such blending will improve fuel stability, reduce acidity,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Preecha Moonsin, Wuttichai Roschat, Sunti Phewphong, Sittichai Watthanalao, Bunterm Maneerat, Aekkaphon Thammayod, Tappagorn Leelatam, Prawit Suwannarong, Boonyawan Yoosuk, Pathompong Janetaisong, Vinich Promarak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016425001379
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849314583296081920
author Preecha Moonsin
Wuttichai Roschat
Sunti Phewphong
Sittichai Watthanalao
Bunterm Maneerat
Aekkaphon Thammayod
Tappagorn Leelatam
Prawit Suwannarong
Boonyawan Yoosuk
Pathompong Janetaisong
Vinich Promarak
author_facet Preecha Moonsin
Wuttichai Roschat
Sunti Phewphong
Sittichai Watthanalao
Bunterm Maneerat
Aekkaphon Thammayod
Tappagorn Leelatam
Prawit Suwannarong
Boonyawan Yoosuk
Pathompong Janetaisong
Vinich Promarak
author_sort Preecha Moonsin
collection DOAJ
description This study explores the potential of enhancing waste rubber pyrolysis oil (WRPO) by blending it with biodiesel derived from used cooking oil (WCO biodiesel oil) to improve its suitability as an alternative biofuel. The hypothesis posits that such blending will improve fuel stability, reduce acidity, and enhance combustion efficiency. The methodology included fuel characterization, preparation of various blending ratios, and evaluation of fuel properties, engine performance, and emissions. WRPO was found to contain high levels of aromatic and oxygenated compounds, resulting in high acidity (0.48 mg KOH/g), low viscosity (1.93 cSt), and a reduced heating value (44.39 MJ/kg). In contrast, WCO biodiesel oil exhibited strong ester characteristics, contributing to improved combustion and stability. Blending WRPO with WCO biodiesel oil at a 50:50 ratio (P50:B50 blend) enhanced fuel properties, including a density of 895 kg/m3, reduced viscosity (3.28 cSt), and a lower acid value (0.26 mg KOH/g), along with an increased heating value of 45.60 MJ/kg—approaching that of conventional diesel. Engine testing showed improved torque and reduced brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to pure WRPO. Emission analysis revealed reductions in CO (18.5 %), HC (23.7 %), and smoke opacity (16.2 %), while NOx emissions remained below diesel levels due to the lower combustion temperature of WRPO. These results suggest that the P50:B50 blend effectively addresses the drawbacks of WRPO, offering a promising, sustainable alternative to conventional diesel through improved performance, reduced emissions, and waste-to-energy valorization.
format Article
id doaj-art-ce1dbc1976da4b33adb64db76dc522bd
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-0164
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
spelling doaj-art-ce1dbc1976da4b33adb64db76dc522bd2025-08-20T03:52:24ZengElsevierCase Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering2666-01642025-06-011110123010.1016/j.cscee.2025.101230Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber wastePreecha Moonsin0Wuttichai Roschat1Sunti Phewphong2Sittichai Watthanalao3Bunterm Maneerat4Aekkaphon Thammayod5Tappagorn Leelatam6Prawit Suwannarong7Boonyawan Yoosuk8Pathompong Janetaisong9Vinich Promarak10Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Ubon Ratchathani, 34000, ThailandBiomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Innovation in Chemistry for Community Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Corresponding author. Biomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand.Biomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Innovation in Chemistry for Community Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, ThailandBiomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, ThailandBiomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Appropriated Technology Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, ThailandBiomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Innovation in Chemistry for Community Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, ThailandBiomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Innovation in Chemistry for Community Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand; Appropriated Technology Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, ThailandProgram of Environment Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, ThailandNational Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), 114 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, ThailandNational Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), 114 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, ThailandDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science & Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, ThailandThis study explores the potential of enhancing waste rubber pyrolysis oil (WRPO) by blending it with biodiesel derived from used cooking oil (WCO biodiesel oil) to improve its suitability as an alternative biofuel. The hypothesis posits that such blending will improve fuel stability, reduce acidity, and enhance combustion efficiency. The methodology included fuel characterization, preparation of various blending ratios, and evaluation of fuel properties, engine performance, and emissions. WRPO was found to contain high levels of aromatic and oxygenated compounds, resulting in high acidity (0.48 mg KOH/g), low viscosity (1.93 cSt), and a reduced heating value (44.39 MJ/kg). In contrast, WCO biodiesel oil exhibited strong ester characteristics, contributing to improved combustion and stability. Blending WRPO with WCO biodiesel oil at a 50:50 ratio (P50:B50 blend) enhanced fuel properties, including a density of 895 kg/m3, reduced viscosity (3.28 cSt), and a lower acid value (0.26 mg KOH/g), along with an increased heating value of 45.60 MJ/kg—approaching that of conventional diesel. Engine testing showed improved torque and reduced brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to pure WRPO. Emission analysis revealed reductions in CO (18.5 %), HC (23.7 %), and smoke opacity (16.2 %), while NOx emissions remained below diesel levels due to the lower combustion temperature of WRPO. These results suggest that the P50:B50 blend effectively addresses the drawbacks of WRPO, offering a promising, sustainable alternative to conventional diesel through improved performance, reduced emissions, and waste-to-energy valorization.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016425001379Liquid biofuelBiodiesel oilPyrolysis oilFuel blendingSustainable energy
spellingShingle Preecha Moonsin
Wuttichai Roschat
Sunti Phewphong
Sittichai Watthanalao
Bunterm Maneerat
Aekkaphon Thammayod
Tappagorn Leelatam
Prawit Suwannarong
Boonyawan Yoosuk
Pathompong Janetaisong
Vinich Promarak
Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber waste
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Liquid biofuel
Biodiesel oil
Pyrolysis oil
Fuel blending
Sustainable energy
title Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber waste
title_full Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber waste
title_fullStr Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber waste
title_full_unstemmed Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber waste
title_short Development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low-quality rubber waste
title_sort development of liquid biofuel properties through the blending of biodiesel from used cooking oil and pyrolysis oil from low quality rubber waste
topic Liquid biofuel
Biodiesel oil
Pyrolysis oil
Fuel blending
Sustainable energy
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016425001379
work_keys_str_mv AT preechamoonsin developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT wuttichairoschat developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT suntiphewphong developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT sittichaiwatthanalao developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT buntermmaneerat developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT aekkaphonthammayod developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT tappagornleelatam developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT prawitsuwannarong developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT boonyawanyoosuk developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT pathompongjanetaisong developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste
AT vinichpromarak developmentofliquidbiofuelpropertiesthroughtheblendingofbiodieselfromusedcookingoilandpyrolysisoilfromlowqualityrubberwaste