Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone
We previously identified 4-propylguaiacol to be a highly potent repellent against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, which transmits East Coast Fever in cattle. So far, the major method that has been employed for tick control is the use of acaricides, which so far has posed a number of challenges. Encaps...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6590850 |
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| author | Margaret W. Kariuki Ahmed Hassanali Margaret M. Ng’ang’a |
| author_facet | Margaret W. Kariuki Ahmed Hassanali Margaret M. Ng’ang’a |
| author_sort | Margaret W. Kariuki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We previously identified 4-propylguaiacol to be a highly potent repellent against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, which transmits East Coast Fever in cattle. So far, the major method that has been employed for tick control is the use of acaricides, which so far has posed a number of challenges. Encapsulation technology may offer a long-term solution to the existing problems by dispensing the repellent at a controlled rate. 4-Propylguaiacol was encapsulated in various nanoparticles, which included β-cyclodextrin, ethyl cellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The inclusion of 4-propyl guaiacol in the resulting complexes was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM analysis. All the sharp peaks belonging to each of the encapsulating polymers were observed. However, some of the characteristic peaks of 4-propylguaiacol disappeared in the complex formed. The rates and duration of release of 4-propylguaiacol from 0.2 g of each inclusion complex were then compared at 38–40°C every 3 hours for 24 hrs. The observed rates of release for 4-propylguaiacol were 0.396 mg/hr., 0.632 mg/hr., and 0.648 mg/hr. Rate from β-cyclodextrin, ethyl cellulose, and PVP inclusion complexes, respectively. The release rate of 4-propylguaiacol in the β-cyclodextrin complex was more controlled than it was in ethyl cellulose and PVP complexes. This controlled release rate exhibited by the β-cyclodextrin complex in small doses for a relatively long time provides a potential tool for dispensing repellents on cattle to protect them from tick bites. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ce0fb51de3e94a31bed5c37e75495578 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-ce0fb51de3e94a31bed5c37e754955782025-02-03T05:57:59ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90712022-01-01202210.1155/2022/6590850Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and PolyvinylpyrrolidoneMargaret W. Kariuki0Ahmed Hassanali1Margaret M. Ng’ang’a2Kenyatta UniversityKenyatta UniversityKenyatta UniversityWe previously identified 4-propylguaiacol to be a highly potent repellent against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, which transmits East Coast Fever in cattle. So far, the major method that has been employed for tick control is the use of acaricides, which so far has posed a number of challenges. Encapsulation technology may offer a long-term solution to the existing problems by dispensing the repellent at a controlled rate. 4-Propylguaiacol was encapsulated in various nanoparticles, which included β-cyclodextrin, ethyl cellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The inclusion of 4-propyl guaiacol in the resulting complexes was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM analysis. All the sharp peaks belonging to each of the encapsulating polymers were observed. However, some of the characteristic peaks of 4-propylguaiacol disappeared in the complex formed. The rates and duration of release of 4-propylguaiacol from 0.2 g of each inclusion complex were then compared at 38–40°C every 3 hours for 24 hrs. The observed rates of release for 4-propylguaiacol were 0.396 mg/hr., 0.632 mg/hr., and 0.648 mg/hr. Rate from β-cyclodextrin, ethyl cellulose, and PVP inclusion complexes, respectively. The release rate of 4-propylguaiacol in the β-cyclodextrin complex was more controlled than it was in ethyl cellulose and PVP complexes. This controlled release rate exhibited by the β-cyclodextrin complex in small doses for a relatively long time provides a potential tool for dispensing repellents on cattle to protect them from tick bites.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6590850 |
| spellingShingle | Margaret W. Kariuki Ahmed Hassanali Margaret M. Ng’ang’a Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone |
| title_full | Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone |
| title_fullStr | Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone |
| title_short | Nanoencapsulation of 4-Propylguaiacol in β-Cyclodextrin, Ethyl Cellulose, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone |
| title_sort | nanoencapsulation of 4 propylguaiacol in β cyclodextrin ethyl cellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6590850 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT margaretwkariuki nanoencapsulationof4propylguaiacolinbcyclodextrinethylcelluloseandpolyvinylpyrrolidone AT ahmedhassanali nanoencapsulationof4propylguaiacolinbcyclodextrinethylcelluloseandpolyvinylpyrrolidone AT margaretmnganga nanoencapsulationof4propylguaiacolinbcyclodextrinethylcelluloseandpolyvinylpyrrolidone |