ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate
Abstract Low‐frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves are essential in underwater, deep‐earth, and other communication environments due to their minimal attenuation. The magnetoelectric (ME) antenna, a novel mechanical antenna, provides a promising solution for low‐frequency EM wave communication, overc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Advanced Electronic Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202500016 |
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| _version_ | 1850037689328336896 |
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| author | Qianshi Zhang Xiayu Zhang Boyu Xin Zishuo Fan Jie Jiao Yi Liu Anran Gao Chungang Duan |
| author_facet | Qianshi Zhang Xiayu Zhang Boyu Xin Zishuo Fan Jie Jiao Yi Liu Anran Gao Chungang Duan |
| author_sort | Qianshi Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Low‐frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves are essential in underwater, deep‐earth, and other communication environments due to their minimal attenuation. The magnetoelectric (ME) antenna, a novel mechanical antenna, provides a promising solution for low‐frequency EM wave communication, overcoming the limitations of conventional designs in terms of size and efficiency. To address the low transmission rate in low‐frequency EM wave communication, this paper proposes a multi‐key tunable antenna array based on an ME cantilever beam design. Each antenna array element consists of Metglas/0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.3PbTiO3 (PMN‐PT) ME composite. Simulations identified a structure that significantly lowers the resonant frequency, allowing the ME antenna array to operate within the ultra‐low frequency (ULF, 300 Hz‐3000 Hz) band. Furthermore, the resonant frequency can be tuned over a range of 500 Hz, enabling multi‐frequency‐shift keying (MFSK) communication. Using quaternary FSK (4FSK) modulation, a 40 baud color image transmission is successfully demonstrated in a 5 S m−1 saline environment. Compared to binary FSK (2FSK) at the same baud rate, the transmission speed is increased by 100%. This approach achieves both low attenuation and high transmission rates, offering a promising new direction for ocean communications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cde29a76b5f04850bf4dbaf991f0a0fa |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2199-160X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Electronic Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-cde29a76b5f04850bf4dbaf991f0a0fa2025-08-20T02:56:47ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Electronic Materials2199-160X2025-08-011112n/an/a10.1002/aelm.202500016ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data RateQianshi Zhang0Xiayu Zhang1Boyu Xin2Zishuo Fan3Jie Jiao4Yi Liu5Anran Gao6Chungang Duan7School of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 ChinaSchool of microelectronics Xidian University Xi'an 710071 ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 ChinaShanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 ChinaSchool of microelectronics Xidian University Xi'an 710071 ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 ChinaAbstract Low‐frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves are essential in underwater, deep‐earth, and other communication environments due to their minimal attenuation. The magnetoelectric (ME) antenna, a novel mechanical antenna, provides a promising solution for low‐frequency EM wave communication, overcoming the limitations of conventional designs in terms of size and efficiency. To address the low transmission rate in low‐frequency EM wave communication, this paper proposes a multi‐key tunable antenna array based on an ME cantilever beam design. Each antenna array element consists of Metglas/0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.3PbTiO3 (PMN‐PT) ME composite. Simulations identified a structure that significantly lowers the resonant frequency, allowing the ME antenna array to operate within the ultra‐low frequency (ULF, 300 Hz‐3000 Hz) band. Furthermore, the resonant frequency can be tuned over a range of 500 Hz, enabling multi‐frequency‐shift keying (MFSK) communication. Using quaternary FSK (4FSK) modulation, a 40 baud color image transmission is successfully demonstrated in a 5 S m−1 saline environment. Compared to binary FSK (2FSK) at the same baud rate, the transmission speed is increased by 100%. This approach achieves both low attenuation and high transmission rates, offering a promising new direction for ocean communications.https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202500016antennafrequency‐shift keying (FSK)magnetoelectricpiezoelectricULF communication |
| spellingShingle | Qianshi Zhang Xiayu Zhang Boyu Xin Zishuo Fan Jie Jiao Yi Liu Anran Gao Chungang Duan ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate Advanced Electronic Materials antenna frequency‐shift keying (FSK) magnetoelectric piezoelectric ULF communication |
| title | ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate |
| title_full | ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate |
| title_fullStr | ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate |
| title_full_unstemmed | ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate |
| title_short | ULF Multi‐Key Tunable Magnetoelectric Antenna Array with Enhanced Communication Data Rate |
| title_sort | ulf multi key tunable magnetoelectric antenna array with enhanced communication data rate |
| topic | antenna frequency‐shift keying (FSK) magnetoelectric piezoelectric ULF communication |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202500016 |
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