Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Malaria causes significant morbidity and mortality among pregnant women in Nigeria. However, the contribution of malaria infection to neonatal development is incompletely understood. Here we determined the prevalence of placental malarial infection in six communities in Anambra State, Ni...

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Main Authors: Dennis N. Aribodor, Obioma C. Nwaorgu, Christine I. Eneanya, Ikechukwu Okoli, Reed Pukkila-Worley, Harrison O. Etaga
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2009-09-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/554
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author Dennis N. Aribodor
Obioma C. Nwaorgu
Christine I. Eneanya
Ikechukwu Okoli
Reed Pukkila-Worley
Harrison O. Etaga
author_facet Dennis N. Aribodor
Obioma C. Nwaorgu
Christine I. Eneanya
Ikechukwu Okoli
Reed Pukkila-Worley
Harrison O. Etaga
author_sort Dennis N. Aribodor
collection DOAJ
description BACKGROUND: Malaria causes significant morbidity and mortality among pregnant women in Nigeria. However, the contribution of malaria infection to neonatal development is incompletely understood. Here we determined the prevalence of placental malarial infection in six communities in Anambra State, Nigeria, between 2005 and 2006, and compare these data to neonatal birth weight. METHODOLOGY: Blood samples were obtained from the placenta of 500 parturient mothers and examined for the presence of malaria parasites. Newborn birth weight was then compared with the malaria status of their mothers. RESULTS: Placental malarial infection was found in 322 of 500 mothers (64.4%). The prevalence of infection did not differ among the six different Nigerian communities (P = 0.978). Furthermore, there was no difference in infection rates between rural and urban areas (64.9% vs. 64.0%, respectively, P = 0.827). Interestingly, neonates born from mothers with placental malaria had lower birth weights than neonates born from uninfected mothers [2500 g (range 1900 g - 3200 g) vs. 3800 g (range 3200 g - 4700 g), P < 0.001]. Forty-five percent (145/322) of the newborns born from infected mothers were of low birth weight (defined as birth weight less than 2,500 g). CONCLUSION: Malaria infection during pregnancy is common in Nigeria and is likely associated with low newborn birth weight.
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spelling doaj-art-cdd6a6ac0d674de78ca1d37c6113f8e72025-08-20T02:57:45ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802009-09-0130810.3855/jidc.554Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in NigeriaDennis N. Aribodor0Obioma C. Nwaorgu1Christine I. Eneanya2Ikechukwu Okoli3Reed Pukkila-Worley4Harrison O. Etaga5Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra StateDepartment of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra StateDepartment of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra StateDivision of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Gray-Jackson 516, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Gray-Jackson 516, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114Department of Statistics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra StateBACKGROUND: Malaria causes significant morbidity and mortality among pregnant women in Nigeria. However, the contribution of malaria infection to neonatal development is incompletely understood. Here we determined the prevalence of placental malarial infection in six communities in Anambra State, Nigeria, between 2005 and 2006, and compare these data to neonatal birth weight. METHODOLOGY: Blood samples were obtained from the placenta of 500 parturient mothers and examined for the presence of malaria parasites. Newborn birth weight was then compared with the malaria status of their mothers. RESULTS: Placental malarial infection was found in 322 of 500 mothers (64.4%). The prevalence of infection did not differ among the six different Nigerian communities (P = 0.978). Furthermore, there was no difference in infection rates between rural and urban areas (64.9% vs. 64.0%, respectively, P = 0.827). Interestingly, neonates born from mothers with placental malaria had lower birth weights than neonates born from uninfected mothers [2500 g (range 1900 g - 3200 g) vs. 3800 g (range 3200 g - 4700 g), P < 0.001]. Forty-five percent (145/322) of the newborns born from infected mothers were of low birth weight (defined as birth weight less than 2,500 g). CONCLUSION: Malaria infection during pregnancy is common in Nigeria and is likely associated with low newborn birth weight.https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/554malariaplacentapregnancynewbornslow birth weight
spellingShingle Dennis N. Aribodor
Obioma C. Nwaorgu
Christine I. Eneanya
Ikechukwu Okoli
Reed Pukkila-Worley
Harrison O. Etaga
Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in Nigeria
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
malaria
placenta
pregnancy
newborns
low birth weight
title Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in Nigeria
title_full Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in Nigeria
title_fullStr Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in Nigeria
title_short Association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in Nigeria
title_sort association of low birth weight and placental malarial infection in nigeria
topic malaria
placenta
pregnancy
newborns
low birth weight
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/554
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