Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples

IntroductionDepressive disorders constitute a significant public health challenge. Health literacy might be an important factor to consider in prevention strategies for depressive disorders, which is why this study aimed at exploring the association between depressive symptom levels and severity and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lars König, Rebekka Schröder, Tim Hamer, Ralf Suhr
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-12-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1494333/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850103754051813376
author Lars König
Lars König
Rebekka Schröder
Tim Hamer
Ralf Suhr
Ralf Suhr
author_facet Lars König
Lars König
Rebekka Schröder
Tim Hamer
Ralf Suhr
Ralf Suhr
author_sort Lars König
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionDepressive disorders constitute a significant public health challenge. Health literacy might be an important factor to consider in prevention strategies for depressive disorders, which is why this study aimed at exploring the association between depressive symptom levels and severity and health literacy, along with additional sociodemographic factors.Materials and methodsData were collected from two large samples of adults (N = 3,011) and adolescents (N = 1,021) representative of the German-speaking population in Germany. Levels of health literacy (HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire), depressive symptom severity, rates of depression levels (PHQ-9 questionnaire) and sociodemographic information (age, gender, social status, level of education) were obtained. The associations between sociodemographic factors, health literacy and depression were analyzed using t-tests, analyses of variance and χ2-tests.ResultsOverall, rates of depression were high in both samples (16.5% in adults and 18.4% in adolescents) when measured with the sum score ≥ 10 cut-off criterion and substantially lower when assessed with the diagnostic algorithm criterion (7.2% in adults and 9.8% in adolescents). Rates of depression and severity of depressive symptoms were higher in female than male individuals in both samples. Depressive symptom severity and depression rates increased with increasing age in adolescents and decreased with increasing age in adults. Higher levels of education and lower social status were associated with higher depressive symptom severity and rates in adults, with a more heterogeneous picture in adolescents. In both samples, depressive symptom severity and rates were higher in individuals with poorer health literacy.DiscussionThe results point to a potential role for health literacy in preventing depressive disorders. More research is needed with longitudinal and experimental study designs into the question whether public health interventions targeting health literacy improvements could play a critical role in reducing the burden of depression across different age cohorts.
format Article
id doaj-art-cd6d9a08cbf140a2a9c8aedce2415abc
institution DOAJ
issn 1664-1078
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Psychology
spelling doaj-art-cd6d9a08cbf140a2a9c8aedce2415abc2025-08-20T02:39:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782024-12-011510.3389/fpsyg.2024.14943331494333Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samplesLars König0Lars König1Rebekka Schröder2Tim Hamer3Ralf Suhr4Ralf Suhr5Stiftung Gesundheitswissen, Berlin, GermanyInstitut für Medizinische Soziologie und Rehabilitationswissenschaft, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyStiftung Gesundheitswissen, Berlin, GermanyStiftung Gesundheitswissen, Berlin, GermanyStiftung Gesundheitswissen, Berlin, GermanyInstitut für Medizinische Soziologie und Rehabilitationswissenschaft, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyIntroductionDepressive disorders constitute a significant public health challenge. Health literacy might be an important factor to consider in prevention strategies for depressive disorders, which is why this study aimed at exploring the association between depressive symptom levels and severity and health literacy, along with additional sociodemographic factors.Materials and methodsData were collected from two large samples of adults (N = 3,011) and adolescents (N = 1,021) representative of the German-speaking population in Germany. Levels of health literacy (HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire), depressive symptom severity, rates of depression levels (PHQ-9 questionnaire) and sociodemographic information (age, gender, social status, level of education) were obtained. The associations between sociodemographic factors, health literacy and depression were analyzed using t-tests, analyses of variance and χ2-tests.ResultsOverall, rates of depression were high in both samples (16.5% in adults and 18.4% in adolescents) when measured with the sum score ≥ 10 cut-off criterion and substantially lower when assessed with the diagnostic algorithm criterion (7.2% in adults and 9.8% in adolescents). Rates of depression and severity of depressive symptoms were higher in female than male individuals in both samples. Depressive symptom severity and depression rates increased with increasing age in adolescents and decreased with increasing age in adults. Higher levels of education and lower social status were associated with higher depressive symptom severity and rates in adults, with a more heterogeneous picture in adolescents. In both samples, depressive symptom severity and rates were higher in individuals with poorer health literacy.DiscussionThe results point to a potential role for health literacy in preventing depressive disorders. More research is needed with longitudinal and experimental study designs into the question whether public health interventions targeting health literacy improvements could play a critical role in reducing the burden of depression across different age cohorts.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1494333/fulldepressiondepressive disorderhealth literacyhealthrepresentativeGermany
spellingShingle Lars König
Lars König
Rebekka Schröder
Tim Hamer
Ralf Suhr
Ralf Suhr
Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples
Frontiers in Psychology
depression
depressive disorder
health literacy
health
representative
Germany
title Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples
title_full Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples
title_fullStr Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples
title_full_unstemmed Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples
title_short Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples
title_sort depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in germany findings from two representative samples
topic depression
depressive disorder
health literacy
health
representative
Germany
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1494333/full
work_keys_str_mv AT larskonig depressionandhealthliteracyamongadolescentsandadultsingermanyfindingsfromtworepresentativesamples
AT larskonig depressionandhealthliteracyamongadolescentsandadultsingermanyfindingsfromtworepresentativesamples
AT rebekkaschroder depressionandhealthliteracyamongadolescentsandadultsingermanyfindingsfromtworepresentativesamples
AT timhamer depressionandhealthliteracyamongadolescentsandadultsingermanyfindingsfromtworepresentativesamples
AT ralfsuhr depressionandhealthliteracyamongadolescentsandadultsingermanyfindingsfromtworepresentativesamples
AT ralfsuhr depressionandhealthliteracyamongadolescentsandadultsingermanyfindingsfromtworepresentativesamples