A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women
Aims Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first detection during pregnancy, with an inconsistent association with serum ferritin (SF). We aimed to ascertain the relationship between SF and the risk of GDM in mid-pregnancy and provide evidence for imp...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Xizhenzi Fan Pan Zhang Lingli Wang Wenhui Song Achou Su Tianxiao Yu |
| author_facet | Xizhenzi Fan Pan Zhang Lingli Wang Wenhui Song Achou Su Tianxiao Yu |
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| description | Aims Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first detection during pregnancy, with an inconsistent association with serum ferritin (SF). We aimed to ascertain the relationship between SF and the risk of GDM in mid-pregnancy and provide evidence for implementing clinical individualized and reasonable iron supplementation regimens. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to investigate 1,052 pregnant women at 24–28 weeks of gestation who were examined in the obstetrics department of The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang from January 2019 to December 2021. Questionnaires were used to obtain the general information. The levels of serum ferritin (SF), serum calcium, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and Oral-Glucose-Tolerance-Test (OGTT) were reviewed. The GDM was diagnosed by glucose tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between serum ferritin and GDM. Results Compared to the non-GDM group, the GDM group had significantly higher level of SF (13.95 (8.59–23.65) ng/mL vs. 12.11 (7.27–19.86) ng/mL, (p = 0.012)). While SF levels positively correlated with 1-hour plasma glucose levels (PG1H) (r = 0.061, p = 0.047), there was a negative correlation between SF and HbA1c levels (r = − 0.078, p = 0.011). The risk of GDM with higher levels of SF was increased (1.010 (95% CI [1.001–1.020], p = 0.025)). In the univariate logistic regression model, the risk of GDM in pregnant women with high ferritin levels was 1.010 (95% CI [1.001–1.020], p = 0.025). After adjustment for age and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), the risk of GDM was significantly increased by 44% and 42% respectively (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.440, 95% CI [1.025–2.023], p = 0.035), AOR = 1.420 (95% CI [1.011–1.995], p = 0.043). After multivariate adjustment for age and pre-pregnancy BMI, the results were moderately revised (AOR = 1.427, 95%CI [1.013–2.008], p = 0.042). Conclusions Elevated SF levels of mid-pregnancy was associated with risk of GDM, which may guide the implementation of pregnancy-specific supplementation to some extent with the support of further clinical trials. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-cd628923fbd349678228e330c8b340dc2025-08-20T03:11:46ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592025-02-0113e1896510.7717/peerj.18965A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant womenXizhenzi Fan0Pan Zhang1Lingli Wang2Wenhui Song3Achou Su4Tianxiao Yu5Research Center for Clinical Medical Sciences, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, ChinaResearch Center for Clinical Medical Sciences, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, ChinaResearch Center for Clinical Medical Sciences, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, ChinaResearch Center for Clinical Medical Sciences, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, ChinaResearch Center for Clinical Medical Sciences, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, ChinaAims Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first detection during pregnancy, with an inconsistent association with serum ferritin (SF). We aimed to ascertain the relationship between SF and the risk of GDM in mid-pregnancy and provide evidence for implementing clinical individualized and reasonable iron supplementation regimens. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to investigate 1,052 pregnant women at 24–28 weeks of gestation who were examined in the obstetrics department of The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang from January 2019 to December 2021. Questionnaires were used to obtain the general information. The levels of serum ferritin (SF), serum calcium, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and Oral-Glucose-Tolerance-Test (OGTT) were reviewed. The GDM was diagnosed by glucose tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between serum ferritin and GDM. Results Compared to the non-GDM group, the GDM group had significantly higher level of SF (13.95 (8.59–23.65) ng/mL vs. 12.11 (7.27–19.86) ng/mL, (p = 0.012)). While SF levels positively correlated with 1-hour plasma glucose levels (PG1H) (r = 0.061, p = 0.047), there was a negative correlation between SF and HbA1c levels (r = − 0.078, p = 0.011). The risk of GDM with higher levels of SF was increased (1.010 (95% CI [1.001–1.020], p = 0.025)). In the univariate logistic regression model, the risk of GDM in pregnant women with high ferritin levels was 1.010 (95% CI [1.001–1.020], p = 0.025). After adjustment for age and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), the risk of GDM was significantly increased by 44% and 42% respectively (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.440, 95% CI [1.025–2.023], p = 0.035), AOR = 1.420 (95% CI [1.011–1.995], p = 0.043). After multivariate adjustment for age and pre-pregnancy BMI, the results were moderately revised (AOR = 1.427, 95%CI [1.013–2.008], p = 0.042). Conclusions Elevated SF levels of mid-pregnancy was associated with risk of GDM, which may guide the implementation of pregnancy-specific supplementation to some extent with the support of further clinical trials.https://peerj.com/articles/18965.pdfGestational diabetesMidpregnantSerum ferritin |
| spellingShingle | Xizhenzi Fan Pan Zhang Lingli Wang Wenhui Song Achou Su Tianxiao Yu A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women PeerJ Gestational diabetes Midpregnant Serum ferritin |
| title | A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women |
| title_full | A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women |
| title_fullStr | A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women |
| title_full_unstemmed | A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women |
| title_short | A retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women |
| title_sort | retrospective study of the correlation between high serum ferritin levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in midpregnant women |
| topic | Gestational diabetes Midpregnant Serum ferritin |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/18965.pdf |
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